Monday, October 13, 2025
अंडमान निकोबार में विस्थापित बंगाली
अंडमान निकोबार द्वीप समूह में विभाजन पीड़ित विस्थापित बंगाली
पलाश विश्वास
भारत विभाजन के बाद अंडमान निकोबार द्वीप समूह में बड़े पैमाने पर पूर्वी पाकिस्तान के विस्थापितों को भारत विभाजन के बाद अंडमान प्रोजेक्ट के तहत बसाया गया है।
भारत के सभी राज्यों, राजधानी नई दिल्ली और मुंबई समेत देश के सभी बड़े नगरों में बसे विभाजन पीड़ित या पश्चिम बंगाल के प्रवासियों को 4971 के बाद बसाए गए बांग्लादेशी कहा जाता है।
भारत विभाजन के शिकार पूर्वी पाकिस्तान और पश्चिम पाकिस्तान के सवर्ण विस्थापितों, व्यापारियों और सिंधियों का पुनर्वास बड़े नगरों और व्यवसायिक केंद्रों में हुआ, जबकि दलित और पिछड़े घने जंगलों, द्वीपों, पहाड़ों, पठारी बंजर इलाकों और मरुस्थल में लावारिश छितरा दिए है।जो आज भी विदेशी कानून के दायरे में है।भारत की समूची राजनीति इनके खिलाफ है।
कहां कहां ये लोग बसाए गए, कब बसाए गए,किन कंपन में ये आज भी सड़ने मरने को अभिशप्त हैं, पुनर्वास विभाग में शायद ये दस्तावेज रहे होंगे, लेकिन पुनर्वास विभाग है नहीं। सत्तर के दशक में खत्म हो गया। समाचार पत्रों से लेकर विकिपीडिया में भी इन्हें बांग्लादेशी बताया जाता है,जो सिरे से गलत है।
भारत में 1971 के बाद आए बांग्लादेशियों का कहीं पुनर्वास नहीं हुआ।जबकि 1947 के बाद 1964 तक भारत आए पूर्वी पाकिस्तान के विस्थापित विभाजन पीड़ितों का पुनर्वास रिफ्यूजी कैंपों में तें दशक तक सड़ाने के बाद 1977 तक जारी रहा।
विकिपीडिया हिन्दी में हैवलॉक द्वीप यानि स्वराज द्वीप में बसाए गए विस्थापितों के बारे में हिंदी में लिखा गया है:
स्वराज द्वीप के कई निवासी सन् १९७१ के बांग्लादेश स्वाधीनता युद्ध के दौरान आये शरणार्थी और उनके वंशज हैं, जिन्हें भारत सरकार ने यहाँ बसाया था। इस द्वीप पर पाँच गाँव हैं: गोविन्दा नगर, विजय नगर, श्याम नगर, कृष्ण नगर और राधा नगर। भारत सरकार ने यहाँ पर्यावर्णीय पर्यटन विकसित करने का निर्णय लिया और अब यहाँ के तट विश्वप्रसिद्ध हो चुके हैं। टाइम (अंग्रेज़ी पत्रिका) ने २००४ में छपे एक अंक में पश्चिमी तट के तट नम्बर ७ (जो राधा नगर तट भी कहलाता है) एशिया का सर्वोत्तम तट घोषित किया था।
जबकि अंग्रेजी विकिपीडिया में लिखा है:
The island's current[when?] population of 6,351[citation needed] consists of mainly Bengali settlers. Many of these settlers have East Bengali origin as these people were given settlement by the Indian government after the Partition of India in 1947.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havelock_Island
स्वराज द्वीप के अलावा डिगलीपुर, रॉस द्वीप, नील द्वीप, लिटिल अंडमान और पोर्ट ब्लेयर में भी पूर्वी पाकिस्तान से आए विस्थापितों की संख्या सबसे ज्यादा हैं। कांग्रेस से बंगाली विस्थापित परिवार के मनोरंजन भक्त अंडमान से लगातार चुने जाते रहे हैं, जबकि दिल्ली में सत्ता बदलने के बाद विस्थापित बंगाली परिवार के विष्णु पद राय यहां से सांसद हैं।
त्रिपुरा के अलावा सिर्फ अंडमान से ही बंगाली विस्थापितों
का राजनीतिक प्रतिनिधित्व है।अन्यत्र कहीं नहीं है।
स्वराज द्वीप (Swaraj Deep), जिसका भूतपूर्व नाम हैवलॉक द्वीप था, भारत के अण्डमान और निकोबार द्वीपसमूह के रिची द्वीपसमूह का सबसे बड़ा द्वीप है। यह अण्डमान द्वीपसमूह में बृहत अण्डमान से पूर्व में स्थित है। प्रशासनिक रूप से यह दक्षिण अण्डमान ज़िले का भाग है और श्री विजयपुरम से 41 कि॰मी॰ (25 मील) पूर्वोत्तर में स्थित है।
https://www.facebook.com/share/v/1DRMzw6fMU/
During World War II, the islands were practically under Japanese control, only nominally under the authority of the Arzi Hukumate Azad Hind of Subhash Chandra Bose. Bose visited the islands during the war, and renamed them as "Shaheed-dweep" (Martyr Island) and "Swaraj-dweep" (Self-rule Island).
General Loganathan, of the Indian National Army was made the Governor of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. On 22 February 1944 he along with four INA officers—Major Mansoor Ali Alvi, Sub. Lt. Md. Iqbal, Lt. Suba Singh and stenographer Srinivasan—arrived at Lambaline Airport in Port Blair. On 21 March 1944 the Headquarters of the Civil Administration was established near the Gurudwara at Aberdeen Bazaar. On 2 October 1944, Col. Loganathan handed over the charge to Maj. Alvi and left Port Blair, never to return.[7]
Japanese Vice Admiral Hara Teizo, and Major-General Tamenori Sato surrendered the islands to Brigadier J A Salomons, commander of 116th Indian Infantry Brigade, and Chief Administrator Mr Noel K Patterson, Indian Civil Service, on 7 October 1945, in a ceremony performed on the Gymkhana Ground, Port Blair.
During the independence of both India (1947) and Burma (1948), the departing British announced their intention to resettle all Anglo-Indians and Anglo-Burmese on these islands to form their own nation, although this never materialized. It became part of India in 1950 and was declared as a union territory of the nation in 1956.[8]
India has been developing defense facilities on the islands since the 1980s. The islands now have a key position in India's strategic role in the Bay of Bengal and the Malacca Strait.[9]
2004 Asian tsunami
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On 26 December 2004, the coasts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands were devastated by a 10 m (33 ft) massive tsunami following the undersea earthquake off Indian Ocean. More than 2,000 people lost their lives, more than 4,000 children were orphaned or suffered the loss of one parent, and a minimum of 40,000 people were rendered homeless. More than 46,000 people were injured.[10] The worst affected Nicobar islands were Katchal and Indira Point; the latter subsided 4.25 metres (13.9 feet) and was partially submerged in the ocean. The lighthouse at Indira Point was damaged but has been repaired since then. The territory lost a large amount of area which is now submerged. The territory which was at Indian states 8,073 km2 (3,117 sq mi) is now at 7,950 km2 (3,070 sq mi).[11]
First Inhibitors
The earliest archaeological evidence documents some 2,210 years ago. However, genetic and cultural studies suggest that the indigenous Andamanese people may have been isolated from other populations during the Middle Paleolithic, which ended 30,000 years ago.[1] That time, the Andamanese have diversified into linguistically and culturally distinct, territorial groups.
The Nicobar Islands appear to have been populated by people of various backgrounds. By the time of European contact, the indigenous inhabitants had coalesced into the Nicobarese people, speaking multiple Mon-Khmer languages; and the Shompen, whose language is of uncertain affiliation. Both are unrelated to the Andamanese, but being closely related to the Austroasiatic languages in mainland Southeast Asia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands#:~:text=During%20World%20War%20II%2C%20the,(Self%2Drule%20Island).
From East Pakistan to tropical islands: a new milieu for a different Bengaliness
The Bengali settlers, and their descendants, may represent an estimated 98% of the entire Bengali community living on the Andamans.3 Since the colonial era, the islands became home to people of different caste, language, religion and ethnicity: political prisoners from the subcontinent, deported communities of rebels, Burmese minorities, Sri Lankan Tamils, tribal labourers recruited from Ranchi, and decimated indigenous inhabitants of the forests. Even though the
variegated multi-ethnic society of the Islands is often described as a ‘Mini India’ and as the epitome of ‘unity in diversity’,4 tensions and more or less implicit conflicts are nevertheless at play between the different communities. Within this diversified social spectrum, the old Bengali settlers perceive themselves as a marginalized majority. In 2005, they were given the status of Other Backward Caste (OBC) in the reservation policies of the Union Territory;5 the same category also applies for the Local Born, Bhantu, Moplah and Karen communities. This was interpreted as a disadvantage for the mostly rural Bengali community, since they have to share the reserved 38% seats for governmental jobs and higher education with four more groups,mostly settled around Port Blair, with accessible facilities for good quality education in Hindi and English, the official languages of the local administration.
In the social mosaic of the Andaman Islands, tracing the construction of a cohesive Bengali identity is a difficult task and it reflects how diasporas are privileged platforms from where to observe how identities are always work-in-progress projections of constructed authenticities (if I may so paraphrase Avtar Brah).6 This context offers us a prism with which to unmask Bengaliness as a process, and a continuous exercise of ‘othering’ in order to build a shared sense of identity. What is perceived as Bengaliness on the Andaman Islands, where the younger generations are more comfortable speaking 'Andamani Hindi' than their grand-parents' Bengali dialect?
https://www.iias.asia/the-newsletter/article/bengali-settlers-andaman-islands-performance-homeland
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