Caste-based census against statute: RSS
Indian Holocaust My Father`s Life and Time- Three Hundred SEVENTY FIVE
Palash Biswas
Times of India and Pratidin are the News Papers amongst the Bengali Hegemony media which published Pages after pages on the Marichjhanpi Genocide recently. . One of the writers include the Former Under Home Secretary in Jyoti Basu Administration which committed the Crime. The man is now the REFUGEE Face of RSS which aligns with Bengali Brahmin on the Long Pending Agenda since 1947, Ethnic Cleansing of the SC ST OBC Minority Bengali Refugees resettled Countrywide. Bangla Statesman, the mouthpiece of Change Brigade Intelligentsia and JUG Paribartan, KOLKATA TV on Print have a long list of those who had been the Captains and Brigadiers of the Regimented Gestapo of Genocide culture! AMIO Samanta heads the Brigade who was the In Charge of Marichjhanpi Genocide!The RSS Man leads a Refugee Front and tried Unsuccessfully as BJP Candidate to enter Parliamentary politics from a SC Constituency from Bengal. He called me repeatedly to see his articles.
Anand Bazaar Patrika, meanwhile, on Sunday published an Edit on Gorkhaland Crisis and highlighted the Bhadrolok Hegemony Discriminating against the Aboriginal Communities and Nationalities in Bengali and also referred to AHOM and Tripura. But it did not mention neither MARICHJHANPI nor the EXILED SC OBC Refugees FACELESS!
Political Parties led by MS Mamata Matua scream on GENOCIDE Culture but keep MUM on Marichjhanpi. Despite using the FILM on Marichjhanpi to mobilise SC Vote Bank against the left and writing so many things on Marichjhanpi, Politics, CIVIL Society and Media as well as Intelligentsia in Bengal do NEVER NEVER Refer to GONDAWANA Refugees stranded in CROSS FIRE nor do they demand Justice for the MARICHJHANPI Victims.
Last night I witness ON Line Debates on NDTV Profit and IBN CNN dealing with Differential Demography, Globalisation and UPA achievements in Inclusive Growth. PROFIT Panel was headed by non else than MONTEK SINGH Ahluwalia and understandably anchored by great RSS Lady BARKHA Dutta. IBN anchor Rajdeep Sardesai roped in VEER SINGVI, VINOD Mehta, Swapan Dasgupta and MANINI Chattrejee. It would have been amusing if he had included a few like Chandan Mitra, Rajkishore,Bhagwan Singhand Chandrabhan Prasad!
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This morning, National TV provided us, we the people with another opportunity to face the national Media, Print as well as Electronic, English as well as Vernacular, National as well as Regional and Local sitting in Cosy Aircooled VIGYAN BHAVAN in the National Capital as Prime Minister`s National PRESS Conference was being telecasted live. I did sat before the Screen opening my senses wide open. It was a DISASTROUS Experience as the Pet Toilet Media seems to be Mesmerised by the ZIONIST Dynasty that almost Every question involved Mrs Sonia Gandhi or her son, the Crown prince RAHUL Gandhi. No national issue was represented by the Consciousness of the Nation! Nothing at all. Neither the Economy nor the Society, Neither politics nor the Economic Ethnic Cleansing, Neither Food Insecurity nor the Man Made Calamities, Neither Holocaust nor Military Option. No concern for the Black Untouchables at all except plead for More Repression quoting Maoist Menace, except the GREED to sustain Manusmriti Rule questioning Caste Census, Except the sponsorship and paid pattern Pushing for Economic Reforms and so called Inclusive Growth justifying the Exclusion of BPL Slum dog Refugee Aboriginal Indigenous Minority Landscape in the Differential Demography of the Free Market Democracy in the World on Fire!India Inc Monday lauded Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's strategy for inclusive growth and to rein in inflation.
Montek Singh Ahluwalia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Montek Singh Ahluwalia (born November 24, 1943) is a prominent Indian economic policy-maker. He was a Member of the Indian Planning Commission in the NDA ...
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Sh. Montek Singh Ahluwalia. Montek Singh Ahluwalia Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission, Government of India. Tel. No.: (Off.) 23096677, 2309 6666/ 96 Fax: ...
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Montek Singh Ahluwalia Director, Independent Evaluation Office (July ... Montek S. Ahluwalia was the first Director of the Independent Evaluation Office. ...
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31 Dec 2009 ... Explore Profile of Montek Singh Ahluwalia at Connect.in.com, see Montek Singh Ahluwalia web of connections, news, videos, photos and post ...
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22 Feb 2010 ... Today, Montek Singh Ahluwalia is the deputy chairman of the Planning Commission, and closely involved in the Budget-making process.
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AndhraNews.net - News feature articles on Economist - Montek Singh Ahluwalia.
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Montek Singh Ahluwalia (born November 24,1943) has been a key figure in India'seconomic reforms from the early 1980s onwards.He is currently the Deputy ...
www.whataboutu.com/list_Montek+Singh+Ahluwalia~3766.html - CachedDr. Montek Singh Ahluwalia
Indian Dairy Association (IDA), West Zone, Mumbai, India. Organizing XXXVII Dairy Industry Conference in Goa, February 2009.
www.idawz.org/.../60-inaugural-address-by-dr-montek-singh-ahluwalia.html - CachedYouTube - Exclusive: Interview with Montek Singh Ahluwalia
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Exclusive interview with Montek Singh Ahluwalia, Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission.
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Montek Singh Ahluwalia at IDEAS
Montek Ahluwalia: current contact information and listing of economic research of this author provided by RePEc/IDEAS.
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"FICCI is fully in agreement with the prime minister's three-fold strategy of increasing investments in social and economic infrastructure, enhancing productivity in agriculture and giving a fresh impetus to the manufacturing sector," Rajan Bharti Mittal, president of the industry lobby, said.
He urged the government to frame a clear manufacturing strategy.
"India's industrial sector is performing rather robustly and this can be further enhanced through a suitable manufacturing policy," Mittal said.
Assocham president Swati Piramal welcomed the prime minister's twin focus of reining in inflation and achieving an 8.5 percent growth in 2010-11. She said that for 10 percent growth in medium term, the reform process should be taken further at various levels, including social and financial sector.
"Concerted efforts in these directions would make the growth of the (world's) second fastest growing Indian economy more sustainable and inclusive," she said.
The chamber also urged the government to take note of external shocks and developments owing to sovereign debt crisis in European economies.
At a press conference, the prime minister said India performed better than most global economies and will grow at 10 percent in the medium term with moderate inflation even as social inclusion would remain at the core of government agenda.
He said the government attached the highest priority to containing inflation.
He said the deprived communities, including the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, other backward classes, minorities and women, will continue to receive priority attention.
'Employ backward class for inclusive growth'
India Inc needs to do more to employ from the underprivileged and socially-backward sections in order to effect an inclusive growth, Hari S Bhartia, newly-elected President of industry chamber Confederation of Indian Industry, has said.Bhartia, who took over as CII President from TVS group's Venu Srinivasan, said corporate sector must play a more aggressive role in facilitating employment opportunities for the backward. "I think we have a responsibility to go out of our way and provide skills and employability to the underprivileged and the backwards....more needs to be done definitely," Bhartia told TOI.
However, he opposed any move to enforce this though any legislation that would mandate a compulsory quota for the same. "There should not be any quota, for sure. The industry is aware of its responsibilities and has been making efforts towards this end as part of our affirmative action approach," Bhartia said.
Speaking about the condition of the Indian economy, he said industrial activity was on the pick-up and companies were making fresh investments for expansion. "The industry has regained confidence and has started to add capacity. Moreover, the pick-up looks sustainable as domestic demand remains strong and international demand is stable," he said.
He pegged the economic growth for the current fiscal at 8.5% from the estimated 7.2% in 2009-10, but called for greater reforms, particularly in the financial sector, to push growth to double digits. "The industrial demand has been good and CII estimates GDP at 8-8.5% in 2010-11. While demand in the domestic markets has been strong, the demand in the international markets also looks stable... A recovery in agriculture is likely in the coming years leading to an upside in GDP growth," Bhartia said.
However, he said the government should be mindful of the credit requirements of the industry and ensure that interest rates remain within a comfortable zone.
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Human societies across the globe have established progressively closer contacts over many centuries, but recently the pace has dramatically increased. Jet airplanes, cheap telephone service, email, computers, huge oceangoing vessels, instant capital flows, all these have made the world more interdependent than ever. Multinational corporations manufacture products in many countries and sell to consumers around the world. Money, technology and raw materials move ever more swiftly across national borders. Along with products and finances, ideas and cultures circulate more freely. As a result, laws, economies, and social movements are forming at the international level. Many politicians, academics, and journalists treat these trends as both inevitable and (on the whole) welcome. But for billions of the world's people, business-driven globalization means uprooting old ways of life and threatening livelihoods and cultures. The global social justice movement, itself a product of globalization, proposes an alternative path, more responsive to public needs. Intense political disputes will continue over globalization's meaning and its future direction.
Articles and Documents
Key Documents
Inescapably Side by Side - An Interview with David Held (February 2004)
Runaway World - Reith Lectures Revisited (November 10, 1999)
The Threat of Globalization (Winter 1999)
Progressive Globalism: Challenging the Audacity of Capital (February 1, 1999)
Statement on Globalization (May 11, 1998)
Europe's Century (June 17, 2008)
The Three Rounds of Globalization (October 19, 2006)
Political Struggles Will Determine Better Globalisation (March 15, 2006)
Based on the article The Sources of Neoliberal Globalization by Jan Aart Scholte, this South Centre publication offers a historical-sociological background on the neoliberal influence on globalization. It looks at four interrelated forces that have generated and sustained neoliberalism since the late 70s, namely governance, production, knowledge and social networks. Focusing on the exclusive nature of social networks supportive of neoliberalism, the article calls for a broader advocacy of alternative ways to shape globalization.
Mobilizing Political Will (June 29, 2005)
The Polarised World of Globalisation (May 10, 2005)
Globalization Is Not Made in the West (April 13, 2005)
The Miracles of Globalization - A Review of Why Globalization Works (September/October 2004)
Globalization on Trial (June 27, 2004)
The Collapse of Globalism: and the Rebirth of Nationalism (March 2004)
A Fair Globalization: Creating Opportunities for All (February 24, 2004)
Head to Head: Social vs Economic Forum (January 16, 2004)
Beyond Globophobia (November 13, 2003)
Teaching Globalization (August 28, 2003)
International Security in the Era of Globalization (March 4, 2003)
Are there Alternatives? (February 20, 2003)
Finnish President's Speech on the Social Dimension of Globalization (February 6, 2003)
The Way Ahead (September 9, 2003)
http://www.globalpolicy.org/globalization/defining-globalization.html
Will be happy if Rahul joins Cabinet: PM
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The PM says the the telecom minister followed the policies of the previous NDA government only. 
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78
France's Champs-Elysees turns green: No limousines, no sports cars. Cows and goats are making heads turn as the Parisian street becomes a giant garden with farm animals, for two days.
Airhostess Sujata Survase was killed in the Mangalore crash.
In his first press interaction since the UPA began its second term, the Prime Minister talked about unfinished tasks, 2G, Naxalism.
Read more at: http://www.ndtv.com/news/index.php?cp
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Union telecom minister A Raja 24 May expressed optimism that the broadband wireless access (BWA) spectrum auctions, which kicked off 24 May, will be as good as the 3G auctions and that he expects to mop up over Rs 15,000 crore from the process.
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Telecom minister A Raja has finally got Prime Minister Manmohan Singh defending him. Raja is under fire from opposition parties for having given telecom licences at very low prices.
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Seeking immediate supply of gas from RIL operated K-G basin for expansion of its plants, state-run NTPC has asked the Centre to convene the ministerial meet on gas allocation soon.
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Interviews
ICICI-BoR deal to expand network by 25%
Chanda Kochhar
In a move that would help it expand overnight by 25 per cent, the largest private sector bank ICICI has announced to acquire Bank of Rajasthan through a no-cash merger deal that is valued at about Rs 3,000 crore.
Opinions
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Mandar Jamsandekar
Monsoon next big trigger for markets
Now the next trigger for the markets to stabilise would be the monsoon. Remember it would be the actual monsoon and not the predictions from the MET department as historically they have been consistent to fail every year.
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Shivinder Mohan Singh
Fortis Healthcare's fund raising plans
Fortis Healthcare is planning to raise $185 million via foreign currency convertible bonds issuance and preferential issue of shares, to fund acquisitions. Shivinder Mohan Singh, MD, Fortis Healthcare, says the whole plan is to correct debt-equity ratio.
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News for UPA
Kansas City StarUPA's flagship programmes like NREGA progressing well: PM - 9 hours ago
NEW DELHI: Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh on the occasion of completion of one year of the UPA Government in its second term said on Monday that the ...Economic Times - 1211 related articles »
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United Progressive Alliance (UPA) is a ruling coalition of political parties heading the government of India. The coalition is led by the Indian National ...
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An uninterruptible power supply, also uninterruptible power source, UPS oren.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uninterruptible_power_supply
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- Report imagesThank you for the feedback. Report another imagePlease report the offensive image. CancelDoneIn UPA-2 blame game, it is India that loses out: Rediff.com India News
22 May 2010 ... In the early days of this UPA II government, that event showed that Congress party chief Sonia Gandhi [ Images ] and the party's popular ...
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9 May 2010 ... While Congress marshalled its Lok Sabha numbers even as its mercurial ally Trinamool Congress snubbed its claims in the West Bengal local ...
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23 May 2010 ... UPA-II anniversary celebrations cancelled ... the government cancelled functions for celebrating first anniversary of UPA-II on Saturday. ...
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| Left checks missing as UPA-II plays to capitalist gallery | ||
| Sowmya Aji | ||
| New Delhi, May 24, 2010 | ||
It's capitalism which appears to be the driving force behind the economic policies of UPA-II. All the factors that formed the economic agenda of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and the then finance minister, P. Chidambaram, in UPA-I, are missing in this round of rule. This shows a total shift from the old Nehruvian socialism model that India followed till a few years ago.
According to economic watchers, the liberalisation process that Singh set in motion as finance minister in the early 1990s, is likely to see its fully mature form in the second term of the UPA. The Left, which acted as the watchdog in the first term of the coalition government, has no role to play now except stage protests and observe helplessly.
All through UPA-I, it was the Left that stopped Singh from opening up India's economy even further. Liberalisation of the banking and insurance sectors were fought tooth and nail. Even a mention of disinvestment in the public sector units (PSUs) made the Left leaders see red.
"Now, there is no such pressure on Singh. There is no common minimum programme to stop him from doing anything he wants in his economic models for the country," a senior Left leader pointed out.
So, the UPA-II has started the process of disinvestment in PSUs, as announced in Pranab Mukherjee's budget.
There is talk of increasing limits of foreign direct investment (FDI) across sectors, while the insurance sector will be opened up. There is even a Bill seeking to allow FDI in higher education, which the Left is vehemently opposing.
But unlike in UPA-I, the Left now doesn't have the numbers to make its voice count in the Lok Sabha.
It has been reduced to a nuisance, with no power to change policies or even push for a more pro-people, pro-labour and pro-poor agenda.
In UPA-I, the Left had made a concerted effort to be protectionist as far as economy was concerned. The result was that when the economy was hit by the global recession, Left leaders proudly claimed credit for ensuring that India did not go down with the rest of the world.
They pointed out that they had not allowed Indian banking to be as influenced by global trends as Singh would have wanted.
The other area where the Left essentially functioned as a watchdog in UPA-I was in preventing greenfield mining.
Left leaders and intellectuals have clearly blamed the nexus between politicians and the mining mafia as the real reason behind the Maoist problem.
All India Forward Bloc general secretary Debabrata Biswas contended that successive UPA governments had been basically following the LPG policy - liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation.
"(Then finance minister) Chidambaram, Montek Singh Ahluwalia and company failed to introduce liberalisation policies in the capital and finance markets. They didn't give extra mileage to capitalists or corporate houses because every time they tried, there were checks by the Left parties. We prevented all these things, including greenfield mining," he said.
Article: Inclusive Growth in India - Agriculture, Poverty and Human DevelopmentArticle from:Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics Article date:April 1, 2008Author:Rao, V MCopyrightCopyright Indian Society of Agricultural Economics Jul-Sep 2008. Provided by ProQuest LLC. All inquiries regarding rights or concerns about this content should be directed to customer service. (Hide copyright information) |
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Inclusive Growth in India - Agriculture, Poverty and Human Development, S. Mahendra Dev, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2008, Pp. xxv+399. Rs.695.00.
India's Five Year Plans have so much overlap and repetitiveness that the late Professor Rajakrishna is reported to have remarked about the Sixth Five Year Plan that it was only the sixth version of the First Five Year Plan! However, each plan does strive to project what may be called its signature theme to distinguish itself from the predecessors. The Eleventh Five Year Plan which is now (March, 2008) managing the Indian economy has chosen the signature theme of "Inclusive Growth". The book under review is a timely and useful …
Related newspaper, magazine, and journal articles:
 | Article: Inclusive Growth toward a ... Asian Development Review ; January 1, 2008 ; Lin, Justin Yifu; Zhuang, Juzhong; Tang, Min; Lin, Tun; 700+ words ... as well. The concept of inclusive growth is increasingly being embraced ... from poverty reduction to inclusive growth (ADB 2007a). Recognizing ... very closely related to inclusive growth. Its 11th Five-Year ... |
 | Article: UPA created necessary architecture of inclusive ... The Hindustan Times ; February 25, 2008 ; 700+ words ... My Government's strategy of "inclusive growth" has been enabled by, and has in ... Patil said that the architecture of inclusive growth is further consolidated through the Eleventh Five Year Plan. "The Plan has set a target of ... |
 | Article: 11th plan will focus on "more inclusive ... PTI - The Press Trust of India Ltd. ; August 1, 2006 ; 524 words ... 11th plan will focus on "more inclusive growth": Montek Bangalore, Aug 1 (PTI) The 11th five-year plan, which commences from April next year, would focus on 'more inclusive growth', the Deputy Chairman of the Planning ... |
| | Article: INCLUSIVE GROWTH THROUGH ... The Hindustan Times ; July 2, 2007 ; 700+ words ... to the Eleventh Five Year Plan reads: "Towards Faster and More Inclusive Growth", inclusiveness here ... we cannot expect inclusive growth if we do not revitalise ... This will not make for inclusive ... |
 | Article: Reducing Inequalities in China Requires ... M2 Presswire ; August 9, 2007 ; 700+ words ... Participants of the "Inclusive Growth toward a Harmonious ... its 11th Five Year Plan. Speakers at ... workshop noted that inclusive growth, with its focus ... 11th Five-Year Plan announced ... |
 | Article: ADB CALLS FOR CHINA TO CUT INEQUALITY VIA ... AsiaPulse News ; August 9, 2007 ; 700+ words ... Participants in the Inclusive Growth towards a Harmonious ... its 11th Five Year Plan. Speakers at ... workshop noted that inclusive growth, with its focus ... 11th Five-Year Plan announced ... |
| | Article: 'Inclusive growth not possible ... The Hindustan Times ; December 19, 2007 ; 565 words ... Achuthanandan said the 11th Five-Year Plan would not be able to achieve inclusive growth if agriculture is ignored ... 36 trillion 11th Five-Year Plan. He said the "inclusiveness ... also said the 11th Five-Year ... |
| | Article: Planning Commission for faster and inclusive ... PTI - The Press Trust of India Ltd. ; July 17, 2006 ; 417 words ... Planning Commission for faster and inclusive growth: Montek Kolkata, Jul 17 (PTI) The ... draft approach paper to the 11th five year plan would stress on doubling agricultural ... draft approach paper for the 11th five year plan, ... |
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Economic growth does not seem to be generating employment opportunities for the poor on a large scale. During the nineties the economic growth was not accompanied by rapid growth in employment. The most interesting part is that employment growth in the agriculture sector has revived which has indeed contributed to ...Contact
Email arup@iegindia.org... and value addition has increased in India. The share of services (inclusive of ... While the concept of 'jobless' growth could be an exaggeration of the differential ...
www.outlookindia.com | Saga Of Marichjhapi
Marichjhapi island was settled, briefly, by desperate refugees from the resettlement colony of Dandakaranya. The heroic and ineluctable community of these ...
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21 Jan 2008 ... Just Visit nandigram United to have the Documents on Marichjhapi Massacre! Respected friends! Pl Visit my blog to understand the gestapo ...
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17 Dec 2006 ... Marichjhapi still figures in academic discourse as an example of ... The Marichjhapi massacre has been ?forgotten? in Bengal because the ...
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Marichjhapi Hatyakando (1979) , Fire dekha
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Marichjhapi ... Sundarban er Gosaba anchal er ekti Akhyato dwip , Kumirmarir ... je CPIm tatha Leftfront , Marichjhapi te taader Narokiyo Hatyalila Manushke ...
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The Silence of Marichjhapi « বা ঙা ল না মা
6 Jul 2009 ... [1] Therefore, when thirty thousand migrants from Dandakaranya reached the small island of Marichjhapi to the south of Kumirmari of ...
bangalnama.wordpress.com/2009/.../the-silence-of-marichjhapi/ - Cached - SimilarThe South Asian: Marichjhapi and the Revenge of Bengali Bhadralok
7 Dec 2009 ... Marichjhapi is just once incident in the tragic tale of one of the most powerful Dalit Community-Namashudras of Bengal - who first became ...
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27 Nov 2009 ... The story of a Dalit Genocide that remains untold ... Marichjhapi is one of the small islands lying within the Sundarbans area of West ...
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genocide occurred at Marichjhapi, Karanda, Nanur and Nandigram. After failure of land reform and ... Dhanchi island in the western part of Sunderban. ...
openpdf.com/ebook/marichjhapi-pdf.htmlIndian Holocaust My Father`s Life and Time: Fwd: MARICHJHAPI - THE ...
21 Mar 2010 ... The island was evacuated with the deployment of special forces . .... Marichjhanpi Massacre, First genocide by the Marxist Brahaminical ...
indianholocaustmyfatherslifeandtime.blogspot.com/.../fwd-marichjhapi-king-faltered-like-nero.html - CachedThe South Asian: Marichjhapi and the Revenge of Bengali Bhadralok
7 Dec 2009 ... Marichjhapi is one of the small islands lying within the ... in one of the biggest genocide carried out by any state in independent India. ...
www.thesouthasian.org/.../marichjhapi_and_the_revenge_of.html - Cached - SimilarRefugee Resettlement in Forest Reserves: West Bengal Policy ...
by R Mallick - 1999 - Cited by 10 - Related articles
reaching their objective of Marichjhapi island, where settlement began. ..... Castes and Scheduled Tribes, Subject: "Genocide Committed on the Scheduled ...
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21 Jan 2008 ... Know the details of MARICHJHANPI Genocide, gross violation of Human ... with surgical precision blocking the island , cutting off food and ...
indiainteracts.in/.../Just-Visit-nandigram-United-to-have-the-Documents-on-Marichjhapi-Massacre/ - Cached - SimilarMarichjhapi and the Revenge of Bengali Bhadralok : The story of a ...
jungles in one of the biggest genocide carried out by any state in ... Still many refugees managed to escape and reached Marichjhapi, an island ...
groups.google.com/group/greenyouth/msg/56ef3052bf3481bf - Cached[humanrights-movement:2147] Fwd: Marichjhapi and the Revenge of ...
30 Nov 2009 ... By the end of the year 1978, there were 30000 Dalit refugees in the island of Marichjhapi who rapidly established it as one of the ...
www.mail-archive.com/humanrights...com/msg01361.html - CachedRemembering Marichjhapi Massacre, 1979
21 Mar 2009 ... their objective of Marichjhapi island, where settlement began. ... for the genocide and bringing the culprits to book, and so on. ...
insightyv.com/?p=879 - Cached - SimilarThe Sunday Indian - The Nation's Greatest News Weekly
Marichjhapi, which could be branded as the first state sponsored terrorism ... At that juncture, the CPI(M) killer squad allegedly planned the genocide to ... the CPI-M to live in Bengal) eating their own excreta on this muddy island. ...
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- May 24, 2010, 4:29 PM IST
Death Deepens Disquiet in the Darjeeling Hills
By Krishna Pokharel
AFP/Getty ImagesMadan Tamang was slain on Friday as he prepared to celebrate his party's founding. An ethnic movement for a separate state for India's Gorkhas has been brewing in the tea-growing hills of Darjeeling for decades, but it took a tragic turn Friday with the murder of Madan Tamang, one of the movement's leading lights.
Mr. Tamang was the president of All India Gorkha League, a 93-year-old party of ethnic Indian Nepalis whose ancestors are believed to have come to Darjeeling, which is now in India's West Bengal state, from the southern foothills of the Himalayas in the late18th and 19th centuries. The community of fighters, which traces its roots to the princely state of Gorkha in what is now western Nepal, took on the mighty East India Company of the expanding British Empire only to become the empire's loyal fighters later on.
Starting about two years ago, Mr. Tamang's group has been facing a challenge from the younger and considerably more fiery Bimal Gurung for leadership of the movement for a separate homeland for the Nepali-speaking Gorkhas who see themselves as distinct from the rest of the Bengali-speaking state.
In 2007, Mr. Gurung defected from another Gorkha party that had waged a violent movement in the late 1980s to start the Gorkha Janmukti Morcha (Gorkha People's Liberation Campaign). After a series of protests and strikes since 2008, the party has been leading barely-moving negotiations with the West Bengal state and national governments for a "Gorkhaland" that would also include some territories from the southern plains. Mr. Tamang has said the broader demand is unconstitutional and would hurt the goal of achieving autonomy from West Bengal.
On Friday morning, as Mr. Tamang prepared to mark his party's founding day, a flotilla of about 100 people carrying traditional Nepali Khukuri daggers descended upon him. His supporters ran helter-skelter and the police present for his protection were unable to react in time, according to Kunda Lal Tamta, a senior West Bengal police officer.
The assailants fled as speedily as they came, leaving Mr. Tamang in a pool of his own blood with stab wounds in his shoulder and stomach. He died while being taken to hospital.
In the complaint filed with police, a member of the All-India Gorkha League alleged that Mr. Gurung's campaign was behind the attack that came on the anniversary of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi's assassination by a militant separatist.
A local journalist said the 64-year-old Mr. Tamang had distinguished himself as the more moderate proponent of a separate state for India's Gorkha community. Although his mass support was dwindling, he was still seen by the educated elites of Darjeeling as the "voice of reason, courage and a fine political personality," Udhyan Rai, the managing editor of the popular Darjeeling Times web site told India Real Time.
Mr. Gurung could not be reached for comment but Pradeep Pradhan, vice-president of the Gorkha Janmukti Morcha, denied the allegations.
"Mr. Tamang opposed our party's policies but we had respect for him," Mr. Pradhan said. "With his death, we lost an asset of Darjeeling."
Darjeeling, known for its view of the sunrise over snow-clad Kanchenjunga peak and its black and oolong teas, has been in mourning for Mr. Tamang. Shops, schools and government offices remain shut and there are few vehicles on the road, local residents said over the phone.
"People are infuriated and deeply disturbed by the murder of the only good and honest leader that they had," Ava Aliyah Rai Ali, a 23-year-old housewife and post-graduate student in Darjeeling said over phone. "We want statehood, of course. But not in this way."
http://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2010/05/24/death-deepens-disquiet-in-the-darjeeling-hills/Death Deepens Disquiet in the Darjeeling Hills An ethnic movement for a separate state for India's Gorkhas has been brewing in the tea-growing hills of Darjeeling for decades, ... Darjeeling shutdown affects tourists visiting the hill townOneindia - 21 hours ago Darjeeling, May 23 (ANI): Hundreds of tourists have been left stranded in Darjeeling hill town in the wake of a sudden strike that followed the murder of ... Candlelight rally in Darjeeling to pay homage to Madan TamangOneindia - May 22, 2010 Darjeeling, May 23 (ANI): Residents of Darjeeling staged a candlelight rally to protest the killing of All India Gorkha League president Madan Tamang. ... GJM seeks CBI probe into Tamang murderDARJEELING: Gorkha Janmukti Morcha, which is under increasing pressure after ABGL chief Madan Tamang's murder, on Sunday called for a CBI inquiry into the ... Darjeeling defies GJM call, shuts downIndian Express - May 22, 2010 The writ of Bimal Gurung and the Gorkha Janamukti Morcha (GJM) did not run in Darjeeling today after the All India Gorkha League (AIGL) president, ... GJM plunges into crisis as prominent leaders desert party (Lead)Thaindian.com - 55 minutes ago People in the hills are peace loving," Chhetri told mediapersons in Kalimpong town, the second largest city in the Darjeeling Hills. ... Police probing GJM 'hand' in Tamang murderThe Hindu - 19 hours ago ... in a conspiracy to murder Akhil Bharatiya Gorkha League (ABGL) president Madan Tamang, who was stabbed to death in Darjeeling on May 21. ... CID probe ordered into Tamang killing, top GJM members quitThe Hindu - 1 hour ago He said Special IGP Pankaj Dutta has been sent to Darjeeling and IGP (CID) NN Pande will leave on Tuesday in connection with the probe. ... CID to investigate Tamang murder caseSakaal Times - 3 hours ago SILIGURI: Special IG and DIG, Darjeeling range Ramesh Babu today said the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) would investigate the murder case of Akhil ... Huge procession turns out at Tamang's funeralPress Trust of India - 6 hours ago Siliguri, May 24 (PTI) Thousands of people in Darjeeling today poured onto the streets braving rain to join the silent funeral procession of slain All India ... Tamang murder: suit against GJM chief and wifeOneindia - May 22, 2010 Darjeeling, May 23: Darjeeling police filed suit against Gorkha Janmukti Morcha (GJM) leader Bimal Gurung and his wife for alleged involvement in the ... Thousands of people gathered for last journey of beloved leader, Madan Tamang The Last Speech of beloved leader madan Tamang [ Source- Beacon Online] 24 May, Darjeeling: The last rites of Madan Tamang, President of Akhil Bharatiya ... Tension continues to prevail in Darjeeling hills after the murder of Gorkha ...MyNews.in - May 23, 2010 Siliguri: In West Bengal, tension still prevails in Darjeeling hills after the ghastly murder of the President of All India Gorkha Leauge Madan Tamang in ... Slain Gorkha leader Madan Tamang funeral todaySamachar Today (blog) - 10 hours ago In West Bengal, 12-hour dawn to dusk bandh began in three hills sub-division – Darjeeling, Kurseong and Klimpong from this morning. ... Gorkha leader Madan Tamang killed, Darjeeling tenseIndian Express - May 21, 2010 State govt. has failed to give protection to his citizens be it is in MIdnapur, Lalgarh or Darjeeling hence this is a fit case to introduce Emergency Rule ... Top Gorkha leader fatally stabbed in Darjeeling Having a senior political personality in the Darjeeling hills, Mr. Tamang was well known for his opposition to the GJM. He was among the people who met Mr. ... Top Gorkha leader stabbed to death in Darjeeling BRUTALITY ON THE HILLS: Madan Tamang, president of the Akhil Bharatiya Gorkha League, struggles for his life after being stabbed in Darjeeling on Friday. ... GJM press and publicity chief quitsPress Trust of India - 4 hours ago Incidentally, Chettri has been named in the FIR filed at Darjeeling police station against six, including GJM chief Bimal Gurung, his wife Asha, ... Darjeeling on the boil after Gorkha leader is killedIndian Express - May 21, 2010 The movement for a separate state of Gorkhaland in the Darjeeling hills took an ugly turn today when Madan Tamang, the outspoken veteran who headed the All ... Darjeeling tense after Gorkha leader's murder Kolkata: The Darjeeling Hills in West Bengal, already boiling due to the Gorkhaland agitation, plunged into further turmoil on Friday after All India Gorkha ... GOING DOWNHILLCalcutta Telegraph - 18 hours ago As he lay in a pool of blood in a Darjeeling street, waiting to die from his assassins' blows, Madan Tamang captured all that has gone horribly wrong for a ... Darjeeling tense; Tamang aides blame GJMIBNLive.com - May 21, 2010 Kolkata: Gorkha leader Madan Tamang, president of the Akhil Bharatiya Gorkha League, was stabbed to death in Darjeeling on Friday, leading to a spontaneous ... Tamang murder case: Some more arrests madeAll India Radio - 18 hours ago In West Bangal , the Darjeeling police today arrested some more persons in connection with the murder of Gorkha League leader Madan Tamang and vendalism in ... FIR against Bimal Gurung, Roshan Giri in Tamang murder caseHindustan Times - May 22, 2010 Meanwhile, for the first time in the hills, an apolitical candle light march was taken out by residents of Darjeeling to condemn the murder. ... GJM chief, wife named in Tamang assassination caseDARJEELING: Faced with widespread criticism for their alleged inaction, police on Saturday registered cases against Gorkha Janmukti Morcha chief Bimal ... FIR filed against top GJM leadersHindustan Times - May 22, 2010 Darjeeling continued to be tense on Saturday, a day after Gorkha leader Madan Tamang was stabbed to death. Police complaints were filed against 11 people, ... Sikkim Police on lookout for Madan Tamang's killersPress Trust of India - 6 hours ago ... the killing of All India Gorkha League chief Madan Tamang as they could have fled Darjeeling and entered the state, senior police officials said today. ... Gorkha League leader killed, Darjeeling tenseNDTV.com - May 21, 2010 Tamang recently opposed GJM's stand on an interim set-up for Darjeeling hills and demanded Gorkhaland instead. GJM has been opposed to ABGL since it sees ... Murder accused in Sikkim: CopsCalcutta Telegraph - 18 hours ago Darjeeling, May 23: Two days after the murder of ABGL president Madan Tamang, police fear that the main accused, all members of the Gorkha Janmukti Morcha's ... FIR filed against GJM chief in Tamang caseIBNLive.com - May 22, 2010 Darjeeling: Darjeeling continued to be tense on Saturday, a day after the murder of Gorkha League leader Madan Tamang. FIRs have been registered against 11 ... |
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No consensus at tripartite talks on Gorkhaland issue - India - The ...
21 Dec 2009 ... The fourth round of tripartite talks on Gokhaland today failed to come to an agreement in the absence of a consensus and the organisation ...
timesofindia.indiatimes.com › India - Cached - SimilarJaswant Singh raises Gorkhaland issue
17 Jul 2009 ... Senior BJP leader and MP from Darjeeling, Jaswant Singh, has raised the demand for the creation of a separate state of Gorkhaland.
www.merinews.com/...gorkhaland-issue/15776345.shtml - Cached - SimilarISN Special Issue February 2008: The struggle for Gorkhaland 'The ...
7 Mar 2008 ... And thank you very much for highlighting the Gorkhaland issue in the European press. I think this is the first time that the Gorkhaland ...
beacononline.wordpress.com/.../isn-special-issue-february-2008-the-struggle-for-gorkhaland/ - Cached - SimilarGorkhaland issue: Fourth tripartite talks begin - dnaindia.com
21 Dec 2009 ... The West Bengal government, which has ruled out separate Gorkhaland, was being represented by a four-member team headed by chief secretary ...
www.dnaindia.com/.../report_gorkhaland-issue-fourth-tripartite-talks-begin_1325934 - Cached - SimilarGorkhaland issue can be resolved through dialogue: Pranab ...
20 Dec 2009 ... The Union finance minister, after an internal meeting with senior officials of Central Excise and Customs said, 'I don't think there is any ...
www.dnaindia.com › India - Cached - SimilarMedia coverage for Gorkhaland Issue
22 Jun 2008 ... Media coverage for Gorkhaland Issue, posted by DT Correspondent, Media coverage for Gorkhaland Issue.
www.darjeelingtimes.com/.../Media-coverage-for-Gorkhaland-Issue.html - Cached - SimilarGorkhaland issue: Army on alert in Siliguri
12 Jun 2008 ... The Army has been put on alert and six companies of the Central Reserve Police Force have been asked to reach Siliguri from nearby Salugarah ...
www.rediff.com › India › News - Cached - SimilarThe Hindu : National : Tripartite meet on Gorkhaland issue
2 Aug 2008 ... National · Printer Friendly Page · Send this Article to a Friend Tripartite meet on Gorkhaland issue. Special Correspondent ...
www.thehindu.com/2008/08/02/.../2008080260661300.htm - Cached - Similarnews.outlookindia.com | Tripartite Talks on Gorkhaland Issue Fail
21 Dec 2009 ... Tripartite talks on Gorkhaland issue today failed to reach an agreement with the Centre saying political consensus needed to be created on ...
news.outlookindia.com/item.aspx?671480 - CachedMadan hopeful for early solution to Gorkhaland issue
Siliguri, April 22 (ANI): After his meeting with Bimal Gurung President of Gorkha Janamukti Morcha (GJM), the forum spearheading the crusade for separate ...
videos.sify.com/Madan-hopeful-for-early-solution-to-Gorkhaland-issue-ANI-watch-kewoOdbfehf.html - Cached
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Caste-based census against statute: RSS
The RSS has said that caste-based census is against the idea of a casteless society envisaged by leaders like Babasaheb Ambedkar in the Constitution and will weaken the ongoing efforts to create social harmony.
Sangh sarkaryawah Bhaiyyaji Joshi, however, told the media here on Sunday that it was not against registering citizens under various categories like Open, SCs, STs, OBCs etc. "The RSS has from beginning been striving for a society without any caste sense. We are not against registering categories, but we oppose registering castes."
Joshi, however, said yardsticks should be fixed to provide reservations to OBCs, and it would not be proper to do it without holding discussions among various social groups and communities. "Currently, there are different yardsticks in different states."
Claiming the current census doesn't have any means to identify and segregate the illegally living foreigners in the country, Joshi said, "It would not be proper to use this census for providing Unique Identification card." He said the cards should be issued only after confirming the persons' nationality.
The RSS general secretary also drew attention
towards the human-itarian crisis owing to the ongoing blockade agitation in Manipur.
The Gorkha Janmukti Mocha — accused of conspiring to kill All India Gorkha League (AIGL) president Madan Tamang — faces the threat of a spate of resignations, with Anmol Prasad, an important central committee member, already putting in his papers on Sunday evening in protest against Tamang's killing.
There were others, including Dr Harka Bahadur Chhetri, who were reportedly contemplating similar steps.
GJM sources confirmed that Prasad had quit. A well-known advocate of Darjeeling, Prasad used to head the "special study group", a wing engaged in study of various aspects related to the movement for separate statehood. He was one of the few GJM leaders who went to Tamang's house to pay homage on Saturday but was not allowed to go in by Tamang's son Sanyog Tamang.
Dr Harka Bahadur Chhetri, a Kalimpong-based leader of the GJM, too, was said to have claimed if there was the slightest proof of the GJM's involvement in Tamang's murder, he would also resign from the party. There were rumours of Amar Lama, Tamang's blood brother, also resigning. However, Lama told The Indian Express: "I am in a state of mourning now and it would continue till the funeral tomorrow. Till then I will not announce my decision."
For the third consecutive day on Sunday, shops and other establishments remained closed in a spontaneous response to Tamang's killing. Only a handful shops in Singmari — an area dominated by GJM chief Bimal Gurung — were open.
The GJM, which announced a 12-hour bandh in the hills to coincide with Tamag's funeral on Monday, saw its stock and posters go down on Sunday as Darjeeling's "democracy wall" in Chowkbazar — famous for its public proclamations by reigning political outfits — was taken over by the Democratic Front, a conglomerate of various political parties including the AIGL and the Communist Party of Revolutionary Marxists (CPRM), both opposed to the GJM. Posters of the Democratic Front proclaimed that Tamang was Darjeeling's "first martyr for democracy". For the past couple of years, the "democracy wall" had been the exclusive domain of the GJM and its frontal organisations.
The Democratic Front leaders complained that the government was dithering in taking action against Tamang's killers. "We have been urging the state government to impose the rule of law in Darjeeling. So far, no action has been taken against the culprits and they have been given enough time to escape either to Nepal or to Sikkim," said AIGL general secretary Laxman Pradhan.
K L Tamta, IG, North Bengal, admitted that on Friday the police arrangement for Tamang was not adequate despite his orders to the Darjeeling police to provide him with proper security. "A probe has been ordered to look into the lapses on the part of the administration," he added.
60% Indians suffer financial exclusion
Around 60 per cent of India's population was deprived of access to financial institutions, a top official of National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development said on Wednesday.
In most of the developed countries, this 'financial exclusion' was however less than 15 per cent, said NABARD Chief General Manager A Ramanathan, while inaugurating a three-day international conference on 'Micro Finance: a tool to eradicate Poverty` at Pondicherry University.
He said that micro finance activities offered multifarious opportunities for research, career training and as an alternative credit delivery system for rural uplift. Ramanathan wanted universities and higher educational institutions to offer courses in micro finance both at the graduation and post-graduation level.
Vice Chancellor of Pondicherry University J A K Tareen said micro finance programmes would relieve poor villagers of their backwardness through financial accessiblity. He said that women empowerment was essential for the speedy progress of the nation. With the affluent sections overshadowing the poor in a globalised and market-driven economy, there was every need to address the economic issues of the poor villagers.
Chief General Manager of Small Industries Development Bank [ Get Quote ] of India [ Get Quote ] (South Zone), Chennai K M Nair said banks would consider the poor as entry-level customer and the SIDBI had been helping promotion of micro finance activities.
SIDBI was adopting a scientific approach to augment the capacity of the borrowers through a flexible approach. Around 250 delegates from different parts of the country and also those from the UK, US, Germany [ Images ], Sudan and Bangladesh participated in the deliberations.
| Global Call for Renewed Effort to Meet Connectivity Targets World Telecommunication Development Conference Opens Today LCT to Lead to Equal Opportunirties and Inclusive Growth: A Raja | |
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The ITU World Telecommunication Development Conference (WTDC-10) opened today in Hyderabad with a call to meet the connectivity targets by 2015. This high-level global meeting will focus on development priorities in telecommunications and information and communication technologies (ICT) and agree on the programmes, projects and initiatives to implement them. Mr P. J. Thomas, Secretary, Department of Telecommunications, Government of India, was elected Chairman of the Conference. The Minister of Communications and Information Technology, Government of India, Mr A. Raja welcomed delegates from around the world to Hyderabad. Speaking on the occasion Mr Raja said, ICTs can facilitate faster development of various social and economic sectors in any country. ICTs lead to equal opportunities for all mankind, especially perceptible improvement for the most vulnerable parts of society in rural and remote areas, contributing to the inclusive growth of society, he added. The Minister noted India's impressive growth in the field of software development and in the applications of space technology which are aimed at national development in areas like communication, broadcasting, distance education, earth exploration services, and space sciences. Mr Raja hoped that increased general awareness among the masses created by the knowledge society would bring enhanced global peace, justice and respect for each other, which are the corner stones for the elimination of disparity and poverty worldwide. Hyderabad is an emerging hub for ICTs in the region. Participants from around the world have gathered here to promote international cooperation, regional initiatives and partnerships that can sustain and strengthen telecommunication and ICT infrastructure and institutions in developing countries. ITU Secretary-General Dr. Hamadoun Touré said What is decided and defined here over the next two weeks will shape not just the future of ICT development over the next four years, but the future shape of the very world we live in. It will change the way in which social, economic and ICT development happens, he added. Appreciating India's ICT success story, the Director of ITU's Telecommunication Development Bureau, Mr. Sami Al Basheer said, India is a remarkable place for ITU to hold the World Telecommunication Development Conference. He said India has shown, in very concrete and dramatic terms, the power of ICTs to stimulate social and economic development. He added that while each country has its own challenges to face, in the end overall goals are the same. Emphasizing need to constantly innovate and keep up with dynamics in the market place, Mr. Al Basheer said for future needs better targeted and more positive regulation has to be invented that focuses on incentives rather than obligations. He proposed a new vision complemented with dedicated resources to deal with the issues of connectivity in least developed countries. In his opening remarks the Conference Chairman, Mr P.J. Thomas said that the world now acknowledges that technological progress and innovations are long term drivers of economic growth, especially in developing countries. As a key technology producer, ICT has contributed to a positive macroeconomic impact in GDP growth besides providing spillovers and externalities which are bringing enormous benefits for the economy. New services generated by ICT in the forms of e-commerce, e-finance, and e-governance are contributing towards greater economic efficiency while raising the living standard of citizens." Following the conclusion of the World Summit on the Information Society in 2005, this year marks a crucial mid-term period to review the implementation of its objectives. The Hyderabad Action Plan, which will set the agenda for telecommunication and ICT development over the next four years, will be a key input to the overall review of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) at the United Nations in New York next September. The World Telecommunication Development Conference is convened every four years. In Hyderabad edition, one thousand two hundred and twenty six delegates from 142 member countries of ITU are participating in the conference. The Delegations from six countries are led by the Ministers. Discussions at WTDC-10 in Hyderabad will focus on: · Broadband connectivity · Digital broadcasting · Open source software · Cyber security · E-accessibility for people with disabilities · E-applications, including health · Human capacity building · Emergency communications · ICT policy and regulation
SP/AT |
10,000 more BSF personnel to be roped in for anti-Naxal ops
New Delhi: The government is likely to rope in about 10,000 more BSF personnel to strengthen anti-Naxal operations in Chhattisgarh and Orissa, which have witnessed a spurt in violence.
Official sources said said five battalions (5,000 personnel) of the BSF would be inducted into the operation for now and another five thousand would be added later.
The force already has about 10,000 men taking part in anti-Maoist operations.
The sources said the number of Border Security Force (BSF) personnel is being increased to strengthen operations in Chhattisgarh and Orissa.
The BSF had played a crucial role in the Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra, where security forces have been able to inflict heavy damage on the Naxals, they said.
A number of Naxals were apprehended there, besides large areas reclaimed from the Maoists' clutches.
While CRPF is the main central force fighting the Naxals, the government had inducted both BSF and Indo Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) personnel in the operations.
At present, five battalions of the ITBP are involved in anti-Naxal operations. All together, over 60,000 central securitymen are helping the state police in conducting operations in naxal affected areas.
Incidentally, former BSF chief E N Ram Mohan, who was appointed by the Union Home Ministry to enquire into the causes and lapses for the April six Dantewada incident in which 76 securitymen lost their lives, had recently hinted that BSF and ITBP were better trained to handle insurgency.
"Preferably, in insurgency, BSF and ITBP should be deployed," he had said.
Source: PTI
Army wants laser-based weapons on its futuristic tanks
New Delhi: Looking to strengthen its armoured capabilities, the Indian Army wants its futuristic Main Battle Tank to be equipped with high-powered lasers for taking on enemy rockets, aircraft and electro-optical sensors.
"High/medium-energy level laser is expected to be a lethality option against rockets, air vehicles, light ground vehicles, antennas of armoured vehicles and electro-optical sensors," the Army stated in its long-term technology plans submitted to the Defence Ministry.
Officials said concerned DRDO labs are already working in this direction and developing the capability.
They added that these capabilities might be deployed on the Arjun Mk-II project, which was recently cleared by the Defence Ministry after the Army decided to place orders for another 124 Arjun MBTs with the DRDO.
It also wants the futuristic Main Battle Tank (FMBT) to have an Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) system to decrease chances of own tanks firing at each other during battle.
The Army wants the new tank to have stealth technologies in form of paints and materials to provide limited invisibility and for scrambling and avoidance of detection by enemy sensors.
It also seeks technologies which would enable officials sitting in operational headquarters to have video conferences with the tank commanders in field.
The Army wants the DRDO and the defence industry to provide it with technologies which would help the new FMBT protection against hard-kill weapons such as the Anti-tank Guided missiles, missiles and artillery shells.
The Indian Army has a fleet of over 3,000 tanks in its fleet, which includes a majority of Russian-origin T-72 and T-55, which are likely to be replaced in the near future.
Source: PTI
Ambani brothers bury their differences
New Delhi: In a major development, the two Ambani brothers--Mukesh and Anil-- today decided to bury their differences and create an environment of harmony, co-operation and collaboration between their groups.
"All existing non-compete agreement between the two groups executed in January 2006 cancelled," Anil Ambani group said in a statement.
The harmony comes within a few days of the Supreme Court declining to give any relief to younger brother in the gas dispute.
"A new, simpler non-compete agreement executed limited to only gas-based power generation. RIL (Mukesh) and RNRL (Anil) will expeditiously negotiate gas supply arrangement as per the Supreme Court order and hope to conclude negotiations very soon," it added.
The cancellation of the existing non-compete agreement will provide enhanced operational and financial flexibility to both groups and greater ability t participate in high growth sectors such as oil and gas, petrochemical, telecom, power and financial services, the Anil Ambani Group said.
However, RIL has agreed not to enter into the gas-based power generation business for the period up to March 2022.
In an identical statement, Reliance Industries said "RIL, led by Mukesh D Ambani, and Reliance ADA Group companies, Reliance Communications, Reliance Infrastructure, Reliance Natural Resources, and Reliance Capital, led by Anil D Ambani, have today approved and signed an agreement canceling all existing non-compete arrangements entered into between the two groups in January 2006 pursuant to the scheme of reorganisation of the Reliance Group and entered into a new simpler, non-compete Agreement with respect to only gas-based power generation.
These developments will eliminate any room for further disputes between the two groups, on matters relating to the scope and interpretation of the non-compete obligations, RIL added.
"RIL and Reliance Natural Resources (RNRL) will expeditiously negotiate gas supply arrangements in accordance with the orders of the Hon?ble Supreme Court of India. We hope to conclude these negotiations very soon, the RIL statement further said.
RIL and Reliance ADA Group are hopeful and confident that all these steps will create an overall environment of harmony, co-operation and collaboration between the two groups, thereby further enhancing overall shareholder value for shareholders of both groups, the RIL statment added.
Source: PTI
Raja has done no wrong: PM
NEW DELHI: Assuring that corruption would be dealt with at any level, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on Monday said auction of airwaves to telecom firms was above board and gave a clean chit to Communications Minister A. Raja, pending conclusion of a probe.
"What he (Raja) did was implement a policy that was already in place," the prime minister told a press conference here, referring to the process followed for auction of spectrum for second-generation (2G) telecom services at prices prevailing in 2001.
"It would have been unfair to new entrants if a new yardstick was used."
The question was raised in the wake of charges that precious airwaves for 2G were sold to telecom firms at throwaway prices, resulting in losses worth billions of dollars, seen in the light of $15 billion the government will get from 3G spectrum auction.
Both the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Communist Party of India-Marxist (CPI-M) have called for Raja's resignation, calling 2G auction a 15-billion scam.
"If the minister refuses to resign, the prime minister should sack him," the BJP said.
But the Prime Minister said no policy was flouted.
"You have to look at it in proper perspective," he said, adding both the watchdogs, the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) and the Telecom Commission, had approved the policy on 2G auctions.
He said since complaints were received and the matter was being probed by the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), it would be improper to comment any further.
"Our government has been very clear right from the beginning that corruption is a problem. If I come to know that there is any involvement at any level, we will take action," Manmohan Singh said.
This was the first formal press meet to mark the completion of one year of his second term as prime minister of the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government.
Source: IANS
Noida: Bollywood heartthrob Hrithik Roshan and his Mexican co-star Barbara Mori were manhandled by the crowd during a promotional event for their newly released film 'Kites' here on Sunday. Thousands turned up at the TGIP Mall here to get a sneak peek at the glamourous pair and the security men were unable to cope with the massive crowd.
New Delhi, May 23 -- How many marks will Prime Minister Manmohan Singh give to the performance of the UPA-II in the first year which has generally been a sweet-n-sour affair? This is the question being asked in political circles ahead of Singh's first press conference in New Delhi on Monday since taking over as PM for the second time after a full term. When the UPA-I had completed one year in May 2005, Singh gave six out of ten marks to its performance but said he was not satisfied with it.
He had emphasised the need for reforms in government, political system and judiciary. The Prime Minister had then recalled that a journalist had asked what score he would give to himself and his government.
"And I said 6/10. For some, this may seem a reasonable mark to get but I have never been satisfied with 60 per cent," Singh had said, adding, "I do sincerely believe that we can do better.
In the coming year, that will be our endeavour. "I am not satisfied with what we have been able to do in terms of implementing new policy initiatives," he had said in a frank appraisal of his government's working at the Congress Working Committee meeting shortly before the UPA-I completed one year.
At that time, Congress President Sonia Gandhi, who is also UPA Chairperson, had congratulated the Prime Minister and his colleagues in government for 'satisfactory' performance during one year of rule. This time, there has been no meeting of the Congress Working Committee to take stock of the government's working or to deliberate on the Maoist menace in the backdrop of the major strikes by Naxalites in Chhattisgarh that have sent the alarm bells ringing.
While the first anniversary of the UPA-I had seen the Left parties, key outside supporters, staying away, the anniversary function of the UPA-II scheduled yesterday was postponed in the wake of the Air India Express plane crash at Mangalore. In the UPA-I, Singh had addressed the first press conference on September 4, 2004, over three months after taking over as the first Prime Minister of a Congress-led coalition.
It was the first formal press conference by a Prime Minister in more than a decade which had seen the likes of Atal Bihari Vajpayee, I K Gujral and H D Deve Gowda at the helm.
Dehradun, May 23 -- It a place where dance maestro Uday Shankar once stayed and introduced a unique style of dance "the fusion of local ballet and classical dance." Decades later, Falsima, near Almora in Uttarakhand, will witness a gala opening of a prestigious dance academy which has been named after him. "The building in which Uday Shankar Academy of Dance and Music will be housed is now ready at Falsima. The academy will, however, be inaugurated shortly," revealed the Director of the State Directorate of Culture, Beena Bhatt. Incidentally, Falsima is a quiet, hilly place about 7 km from Almora where Uday Shankar experimented with classical dance and music.
Although not many know this, two Bollywood personalities also stayed with Uday Shankar for some time during his sojourn in Almora - Zohra Sehgal and Guru Dutt.
College students should look for innovative programmes and workshops underlining social and environmental issues and educate the public at large. The UT Department of Higher Education is all set to add interdisciplinary approach in colleges across all disciplines from the coming academic session.
For the first time, compulsory orientation lectures and workshops on themes such as gender equality, inclusive growth and so on would be organised to encourage interdisciplinary approach in colleges. Also, student societies in college campuses like AIDS awareness, drug de-addiction, heritage preservation society and so on would be established, and every student would be required to become a part of one or more such societies.
"To promote integration of curriculum with the society through establishment of student societies in each college campus, these societies would be a part of the annual college curriculum calendar. These steps would help students establish contact with their immediate environment or link between educational institutional and the community at large," said UT Higher Education Director Ajoy Sharma, who has framed the guidelines for functioning of these societies.
Students will be required to put in specified number of hours under such societies. An annual planner giving details of various activities to be orgainsed will be prepared by each society well in advance. Teachers would also assist students to prepare the roadmap, convert it into various subtasks and identify the steps under each subtask minutely.
Also, they would be responsible in identifying resource persons for workshops and programmes.
Various societies to be formed in colleges* Drug De-addiction Society* AIDS Awareness and Public Health Society* Heritage Preservation and Promotion Society* Orphanages and Old Age Homes Society* Best from Waste Society* Gender Equality Society* Environment Awareness Society* Community Hygiene and Sanitation Society* Traffic Awareness and Road Safety Society
Functions of a society* Identify groups of faculty members including head of departments, who can lead a particular society, thereby utilising their managerial and leadership skills* Conduct motivational workshops to connect students with various societies as per their interests* Form a committee in each society with a chairperson, secretaries and members, along with some standbys to function in their absence* Organise brainstorming sessions to identify activities that can be carried out throughout the year* Publicise themselves to motivate and enroll students and educate the public* Create an end of the year evidence of series of activities organised by documenting them in any medium* Follow-up planning and progression of activities, tasks and subtasks throughout the year and review them at the end of the year for evaluation and reformulation
Samajhwadi Party chief Mulayam Singh Yadav on Sunday made it clear that his party was ready to become part of the UPA government in case the Trinamool Congress walked out of the alliance. "Yes it is true," Mulayam Singh said when asked whether his party had told the UPA that it was ready to join the ruling alliance if the Trinamool Congress withdrew its support.
"We want stability and prosperity of the country. We also want to keep communal forces away. In fact, our support to the UPA government is issue-based and only to keep the communal forces at bay. But our relationship with the Left is as friendly as it has been before. We have together done a number of programmes and taken a number of decisions together," said the SP chief.
He also said Amar Singh, the former party general secretary who quit the party early this year, had no chance of coming back to the SP fold. "Neither he will come to us, nor we will accept him. That chapter is closed," Mulayam told reporters in Kolkata at the end of the party's three-day executive meet.
Mulayam said neither the votebank of the SP nor that of the Left Front had reduced after the Lok Sabha polls. He said two SP candidates were contesting municipal elections in the KMC on the support of the Left Front. The SP chief said Kironmoy Nanda, who has been appointed the general secretary after the ouster of Amar Singh, had been given the charge of strengthening party base in West Bengal.
On the issue of why the SP did not vote with the Left Front on cut motions, Mulayam shrugged off the issue saying instances of "this sort happened in politics".
He also criticised a number of policies of the UPA government relating to price rise and tackling Naxalism.
"Their policies are not in the interest of the people. According to the Planning Commission, the number of poor in the country has increased from 27 crore to 40 crore. I have raised questions in Parliament a number of times on the issue," Mulayam said.
On Naxal menace, he said the issue could be solved by discussions. "This issue cannot be solved by guns and sticks and putting forces behind them. They have some valid demands. This issue should be solved by discussions and consulting all parties," the SP chief added.
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A large white tent in the middle of an arid ground in Jind served as the venue for a Sarv Maha Khap Panchayat meeting on Sunday. Organisers who were expecting "thousands of supporters" to join their ranks to announce "threats" aimed at everyone from the government to young couples who choose to marry within the same gotra (sub-caste) were in for a disappointment. By 12 noon, two hours after the meeting was to have begun, barely 150 senior citizens had showed up. Ironically, most of the fiery speeches made during the day were targeted at the 'youth' who were conspicuous by their absence.
The Sarv Maha Khap, a gathering of khap leaders and representatives from across Haryana, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh, is a centuries-old tradition that calls on the 'elders' of the Jat community to unite in order to take socially crucial decisions. Yet, from the speeches made on Sunday, it is clear that the khap is now fighting for its own existence. "At the meeting in Kurukshetra in April, at least 1,000 people were present. Increasingly, people are beginning to lose interest in these meetings because each one ends without any substantial decision. The young people are completely disinterested in these matters. What can we do?" a septuagenarian khap member, Ram Pal Singh, from Hansi village, said.
At Sunday's meeting, the khap members were hoping to reach a decision on how best to persuade the government into bringing about an amendment to the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, that will ban marriages within the same gotra. Instead all of Sunday afternoon was devoted to bickering, infighting, and petty power struggles amongst the khap elite. The meeting was boycotted by various factions of the Sarv Khap because they felt that organiser Satbir Chhahal was "too politically motivated". One of the these anti-Chhahal factions will hold another meeting on Tuesday.
The meeting was attended by Mahendra Singh Tikait, the Bhartiya Kisan Union leader who is also the sarpanch of the Balian Khap. Earlier in the day, he had addressed a gathering at Sisauli at the BKU headquarters where he threatened to 'gherao' Parliament if the government did not bring about amendment to the Hindu Marriage Act. However, at the Jind meeting, Tikait appeared uncomfortable in his new role as the patriarch of khap panchayats. He refused to sit with the rest of the khap leadership on a makeshift podium, and chose to keep his speech rather dull. "If we want to win this fight, we will have to put up a united front. We have to organise ourselves under a united banner," he told the crowd. Taking Tikait's advice, the Jind faction has decided to send a delegation to the Tuesday's meeting.
After going into an impromptu huddle with the khap leaders at the meeting, Chhahal finally announced the outcome of the meeting. "If the government does not comply with our demand by June 20, we will enforce a shutdown in Delhi," he said.
NGO "Saathi", run by students of the Carmel Convent School, Chandigarh, will organise a rock band competition on May 27 at the Rock Garden. The funds generated from the programme will go to 310 underpriviliged children of the Alternate Innovative Education Centre, adopted by the NGO. Various schools, including Vivek High School and St John's High School will participate in the competition.
The NGO is aiming to make this is a yearly event. "We are organising a rock concert as a fund raiser activity for the slum children. The aim is to send these students to mainstream schools, where they can have an equal opportunity to display their talents and complete their education at a level that fully matches those who are more privileged," said Saathi founder Puneeta Singh.
Mon, May 24 11:05 AM
Enlarge Photo Prime Minister Manmohan Singh speaks during the closing ceremony of the sesquicentennial celebrations of the... Prime Minister Manmohan Singh gave his rare news conference on Monday to mark the ruling coalition's first year in office.
Following are the highlights of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's news conference:
ECONOMY
* Expects inflation to moderate to 5-6 percent by December 2010
* Expects 8.5 percent GDP growth in FY11
* Medium-term target to achieve 10 percent economic growth annually
* Prices showing signs of moderating trend
* Prices continue to be matter of deep concern
* Government attaches highest priority on containing inflation
* Together with state governments will take more steps to bring down prices
DIPLOMACY
* India willing to discuss all outstanding issues with Pakistan
* Nuclear agreement with the United States will move forward
POLITICS
* Prime Minister hopes all political parties will support nuclear liability bill
(Compiled by Bappa Majumdar, Rajesh Kumar Singh and Abhijit Neogy; editing by Malini Menon)
Manmohan sings the G tune: Gandhi, Gursharan and 2G airwave
New Delhi: It was billed to be the first major press conference of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on his government's performance. But it ended up on trivial issues on Sonia, Rahul, wife and retirement.
To a question from the media on Monday here, Singh said he was in a "privileged" position to be taking advice from his wife Gursharan Kaur as well as Congress chairperson Sonia Gandhi.
"I am privileged to have advice of Shrimati Sonia Gandhiji and my wife," the prime minister said when asked whose advice he values most - his wife or Sonia Gandhi's.
"Both deal with different issues and I welcome both their advice," he said, prompting laughter in the packed hall. The prime minister smiled too.
On Rahul Gandhi he said the Congress General Secretary was doing a good job and that he (Singh) was ready to vacate his seat when asked.
On whether he would make way for Rahul during his current tenure, Singh said he was ready to make place for "anybody" whom the Congress party decides.
"Let me say say that I sometimes feel that younger people should take over as when the Congress party makes that judgement and I will very happy to make place for anybody the Congress party" decides, Singh said.
The prime minister was speaking to mediapersons to mark the first year of his United Progressive Alliance government at the Vigyan Bhavan.
The previous one during his first term, which the Prime Minister's Office described as his first national press conference, was organised Sep 4, 2004 at the same venue.
He also said there was no gap between him and Congress chairperson Sonia Gandhi.
"Sonia Gandhi is the chairperson of the UPA (United Progressive Alliance), she is the president of Congress and I am a member of Congress so there is no question of any gap between me and her," he told a press conference to mark the first year of his UPA government.
He was replying to a question by journalist whether there was any difference of opinion between him and the Congress president over issues.
"Any elements of distrust or mistrust are not there between her and me," he added.
He also said he had a task to complete and there was no question of his retirement.
"I have been given a work and it is incomplete yet; and till I complete it, there is no question of my retirement," he said.
Giving a clean chit to his Communications Minister A. Raja pending conclusion of investigations, the Prime Minister said the process followed on auction of airwaves to telecom companies was above board.
"What he (Raja) did was implement a policy that was already in place," the prime minister told a press conference here, referring to process followed for auction of spectrum for second-generation (2G) telecom services at prices prevailing in 2001.
"It would have been unfair to new entrants if a new yardstick was used."
The question from the media was raised in the wake of charges that precious airwaves for 2G were sold to telecom firms at throwaway prices, resulting in losses worth billions of dollars, seen in the light of $15 billion the government will get from 3G spectrum auction.
Both the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Communist Party of India-Marxist (CPI-M) have called for Raja's resignation, calling 2G auction a 15-billion scam.
"If the minister refuses to resign, the prime minister should sack him," the BJP said.
But the prime minister said no policy was flouted.
"You have to look at it in proper perspective," he said, adding both the watchdog, the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRA) and the Telecom Commission, had approved the policy on 2G auctions.
He said since complaints were received and the matter was being probed by the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), it would be improper to comment any further.
"Our government has been very clear on corruption. If I come to know that there is any involvement at any level, we will take action," Manmohan Singh said.
This was the first formal press meet to mark his second term as the prime minister of the year-old United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government.
On Afzal Guru hanging, he said that law of the land would decide the fate of parliament attack convict Afzal Guru, who has been on death row since 2002.
"I think there is a law of the land and there is a legal process. In the (Afzal Guru) case the law will take its course," Manmohan Singh told reporters here.
Asked if the delay in hanging the Jaish-e-Mohammed terrorist from Jammu and Kashmir would label his government as soft, the prime minister said it was a matter of perception to call any state soft or hard and "perceptions can vary".
The 40-year-old convicted key plotter of the 2001 attack that killed 13 people in the high-security Indian parliament was sent to the death row in 2002. His sentence was upheld by the Supreme Court. The sentence was scheduled to be carried out on Oct 20, 2006, but his execution was stayed after his wife sought clemency from the president of India.
On the economy, he said India targets 10 percent near-term growth. Putting inclusive growth and taming price rise on top of United Progressive Alliance's (UPA) agenda, Singh set a medium-term target of 10 percent annual economic expansion for India with moderate inflation.
"The agenda for our second term seeks to strengthen a pro-people policies and programmes initiated by our government since 2004," the prime minister said in his opening remarks to journalists, predicting a 8.5-percent growth for this fiscal.
According to the Oxford-Cambridge educated economist-prime minister, social and economic uplift of the mebers of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes, other backward classes, minorities and women will continue to receive priority attention in our plans.
He stressed on the need for a rapidly growing economy, which generates productive employment and resources to finance the government's "ambitious" social and economic agenda.
"Our medium term target is to achieve a growth rate of 10 percent per annum. I am convinced that given our savings and investments rate this is an achievable target," he said.
Underlining that the Indian economy had done well in the wake of global recession, the prime minister said his government's first priority was to protect the country's economy from the global slowdown and ensure momentum of inclusive growth is not interrupted.
"Our annual growth rate had averaged nine percent for four years before the crisis. It reduced to 6.5 percent in 2008-09 and recovered to 7.2 percent in 2009-10. We expect 8.5 percent in this financial year," he said.
"This is widely regarded s one of the best performances among the larger economies of the world."
Referring to high inflation, the prime minister said as the result of steps taken by his government, there were signs of prices showing a moderation. He said the situation was being closely monitor and urged state governments, too, to chip in.
"Prices continue to be a matter of deep concern. The government has attached the highest priority to containing inflation so that there is no distress to the common man," the prime minister said.
"It is true inflation is a problem and affecting people. I can assure that by Decembe, inflation will be brought town to 5-6 percent."
Source: IANS
Tackling Maoists: Army commanders told to be ready
New Delhi: With the Maoists' offensive intensifying in Dantewada, Army commanders last week were told by General V K Singh to be prepared for all eventualities and have a plan of action ready on paper in case the attacks on paramilitary forces and civilians by Left wing extremists escalate in the coming weeks.
Government sources told The Indian Express that rampaging Naxal attacks in India's economic heartland were discussed threadbare during the Army Commanders Conference, including the possibility of Army being inducted into operations in a worst case scenario. The assessment of the military brass is that Naxal violence could worsen in the coming days and that there would be pressure on both the government and the Army to deliver in case more Dantewada-like (April 6) incidents happened in the near future.
While the Manmohan Singh government has taken a stance of not involving the Army in the anti-Naxal operations at present and Defence Minister A K Antony says that such a decision would not be taken through a public debate, the matter has been discussed at the top level with Home Minister P Chidambaram in the picture.
In fact, the Home Minister at one point wanted some Rashtriya Rifles battalions to be moved out from J&K for Naxal duties, but the South Block conveyed that it was not possible to denude the counter-insurgency grid in the Valley.
Sources said the Army commanders were in synergy with General Singh about preparing the overall strategy in case the military was asked to take lead in the anti-Naxal operations. During the debate on Naxal issue, the General-Officer-Commanding-in-Chiefs, whose commands could be involved in the operations, were told to work out the command and control structure. It is understood that commanders of Eastern Command, Southern Command, Central Command and South-West Command were told to earmark troops in case the Army was asked to step in by the government.
Source: The Indian Express
Demographics of India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Demographics of India | |
|---|---|
 Population of India, 1961-2003 | |
| Population: | 1,180,166,000 (2010 est) |
| Growth rate: | 1.548% (2009 est) |
| Birth rate: | 22.22 births/1,000 population (2009 est) |
| Death rate: | 6.4 deaths/1,000 population (2009 est) |
| Life expectancy: | 69.89 years (2009 est) |
| –male: | 67.46 years (2009 est) |
| –female: | 72.61 years (2009 est) |
| Fertility rate: | 2.72 children born/woman (NFHS-3, 2008) |
| Infant mortality rate: | {{{infant_mortality}}} |
| Age structure: | |
| 0-14 years: | 31.1% (male 190,075,426/female 172,799,553) (2009 est) |
| 15-64 years: | 63.6% (male 381,446,079/female 359,802,209) (2009 est) |
| 65-over: | 5.3% (male 29,364,920/female 32,591,030) (2009 est) |
| Sex ratio: | |
| At birth: | 1.12 male(s)/female (2009) |
| Under 15: | 1.10 male(s)/female (2009) |
| 15-64 years: | 1.06 male(s)/female (2009) |
| 65-over: | 0.90 male(s)/female (2009) |
| Nationality: | |
| Language: | |
| Official: | Hindi, English |
The demographics of India are remarkably diverse. India is the second-largest populated country in the world with over 1.18 billion people (estimate for April, 2010) and consists of more than one-sixth of the world's population. It contributes 17.31% of the world's population and projected that India will be the largest populated country by 2025 surpassing China, and by 2050 it will have over 1.6 billion people.[1][2] India has more than two thousand ethnic groups, and every major religion is represented, as are four major families of languages (Indo-European, Dravidian, Austro-Asiatic and Tibeto-Burman languages) as well as a language isolate (the Nihali language[3] spoken in parts of Maharashtra).
Further complexity is lent by the great variation that occurs across this population on social parameters such as income and education. Only the continent of Africa exceeds the linguistic, genetic and cultural diversity of the nation of India.[4]
Contents[hide] |
[edit] Salient features
India occupies 2.4% of the world's land area and supports over 17.5% of the world's population. India has more arable land area than any country except the United States,[5] and more water area than any country except Canada and the United States. Indian life revolves mostly around agriculture and allied activities in small villages, where the overwhelming majority of Indians live. As per the 2001 census, 72.2% of the population[6] lives in about 638,000 villages[7] and the remaining 27.8%[8] lives in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 urban agglomerations.[9]
[edit] Religious demographics
| Religious Composition | Population | (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Hindus | 827,578,868 | 80.5% |
| Muslims | 138,188,240 | 13.4% |
| Christians | 24,080,016 | 2.3% |
| Sikhs | 19,215,730 | 1.9% |
| Buddhists | 7,955,207 | 0.8% |
| Jains | 4,225,053 | 0.4% |
| Other Religions & Persuasions | 6,639,626 | 0.6% |
| Religion not stated | 727,588 | 0.1% |
| Total | 1,028,610,328 | 100.0% |
India contains the majority of the world's Zoroastrians, Sikhs, Hindus, Jains and Bahá'í. India is also home to the third-largest Muslim population in the world after Indonesia and Pakistan.
Religious majorities vary greatly by state. Jammu and Kashmir and Lakshadweep are Muslim majority states; Nagaland, Mizoram and Meghalaya are Christian majority; Punjab is mostly Sikh; It is to be noted that while participants in the Indian census may choose to not declare their religion, there is no mechanism for a person to indicate that he/she does not adhere to any religion. Due to this limitation in the Indian census process, the data for persons not affiliated with any religion may not be accurate.
The table below summarizes the findings of the 2001 census with regards to religion in India:
- All figures in %.
- Others including Bahá'ís, Jews, and Parsis.
- Tribal Animists (and non religious) are grouped under Others after 1926 (1931 census onwards)
Composition | Hindus[11] | Muslims[12] | Christians[13] | Sikhs[14] | Buddhist[15] | Jains[16] | Others[17] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % total of population 2005 | 80.5% | 13.4% | 2.3% | 1.9% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 0.6% |
| 10-Yr Growth % (est '91–'01)[18]* | 20.3% | 29.5% | 22.6% | 18.2% | 24.5% | 26.0% | 103.1% |
| Sex ratio† (avg. 944) | 935 | 940 | 1009 | 895 | 955 | 940 | 1000 |
| Literacy rate (avg. 79.9) | 75.5 | 60.0 | 90.3 | 70.4 | 73.0 | 95.0 | 50.0 |
| Work Participation Rate | 40.4 | 31.3 | 39.7 | 37.7 | 40.6 | 32.9 | 48.4 |
| Rural sex ratio[18] | 944 | 953 | 1001 | 895 | 958 | 937 | 995 |
| Urban sex ratio[18] | 922 | 907 | 1026 | 886 | 944 | 941 | 966 |
| Child sex ratio (0–6 yrs) | 925 | 950 | 964 | 786 | 942 | 870 | 976 |
N.B. Table excludes Mao-Maram, Paomata and Purul subdivisions of Senapati District of Manipur state.
* The data is "unadjusted" (without excluding Assam and Jammu and Kashmir); 1981 census was not conducted in Assam and 1991 census was not conducted in Jammu and Kashmir.
† No. of females/1000 males.
[edit] Linguistic demographics
43% of the Hindus speak Hindi while the rest speak Bangla, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Gujarati, Kannada,Malayalam, Assamese and other languages. Almost 45% of the Muslims speak Urdu while the rest speak Bangla, Hindi, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Telugu, Tamil, Gujarati, Assamese and other languages. About one-third of the Christians speak Malayalam, one-sixth speak Tamil while the rest speak a variety of languages. In total, there are 1,652 languages and dialects spoken in India.[19]
Languages of India by number of native speakers as per the 2001 census[20]| Rank | Language | Speakers | Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hindi dialects[21] | 422,048,642 | 41.03% |
| 2 | Bengali | 83,369,769 | 8.11% |
| 3 | Telugu | 74,002,856 | 7.19% |
| 4 | Marathi | 71,936,894 | 6.99% |
| 5 | Tamil | 60,793,814 | 5.91% |
| 6 | Urdu | 51,536,111 | 5.01% |
| 7 | Gujarati | 46,091,617 | 4.48% |
| 8 | Kannada | 37,924,011 | 4.69% |
| 9 | Malayalam | 33,066,392 | 3.21% |
| 10 | Oriya | 33,017,446 | 3.21% |
| 11 | Punjabi | 29,102,477 | 2.83% |
| 12 | Assamese | 13,168,484 | 1.28% |
| 13 | Maithili | 12,179,122 | 1.18% |
| 14 | Bhili/Bhilodi | 9,582,957 | 0.95% |
| 15 | Santali | 6,469,600 | 0.63% |
| 16 | Kashmiri | 5,527,698 | 0.54% |
| 17 | Nepali | 2,871,749 | 0.28% |
| 18 | Gondi | 2,713,790 | 0.27% |
| 19 | Sindhi | 2,535,485 | 0.25% |
| 20 | Konkani | 2,489,015 | 0.24% |
| 21 | Dogri | 2,282,589 | 0.22% |
| 22 | Khandeshi | 2,075,258 | 0.21% |
| 23 | Kurukh | 1,751,489 | 0.17% |
| 24 | Tulu | 1,722,768 | 0.17% |
| 25 | Meitei (Manipuri) | 1,466,705* | 0.14% |
| 26 | Bodo | 1,350,478 | 0.13% |
| 27 | Khasi | 1,128,575 | 0.112% |
| 28 | Mundari | 1,061,352 | 0.105% |
| 29 | Ho | 1,042,724 | 0.103% |
N.B. The percentage of speakers of each language for 2001 has been worked out on the total population of India (excluding Mao-Maram, Paomata and Purul subdivisions of Senapati District of Manipur state due to cancellation of census results).
* Excludes Mao-Maram, Paomata and Purul of Senapati District.
[edit] CIA World Factbook demographic statistics
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.
1,166,079,217 (July 2009 est. CIA)[23] 1,028.7 million (2001 Census final figures, March 1 enumeration and estimated 124,000 in areas of Manipur that could not be covered in the enumeration)
72.2%, male: 381,668,992, female: 360,948,755 (2001 Census)
Urban Population
Age structure:
0–14 years: 30.8%, male: 188,208,196, female: 171,356,024
15–64 years: 64.3%, male: 386,432,921, female: 364,215,759
65+ years: 4.9%, male: 27,258,259, female: 30,031,289 (2007 est.)
Median age:
25.1 years
1.548% (2009 est.)
Birth rate21.76 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)
Death rate6.4 deaths/1,000 population (2009 est.)
79.9%
Percent of the population under the poverty line22% (2006 est.)
Unemployment Rate7.8%
Net migration rate− -0.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.098 male(s)/female
15–64 years: 1.061 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.908 male(s)/female
total population: 1.064 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
total: 30.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.) male: 34.61 deaths/1,000 live births female: 25.17 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 69.89 years
male: 67.46 years
female: 72.61 years (2007 est.)
2.72 children born/woman (2009 est.) The TFR (Total number of children born per women) according to Religion in 2001 was :
Hindus — 2.0 Muslims — 2.4 Sikhs — 1.6 Christians — 2.1 Buddhists — 2.1 Jains — 1.4 Animists and Others — 2.99 Tribals — 3.16 Scheduled Castes — 2.89[citation needed]
Nationality
noun: Indian(s)
adjective: Indian
Hindu 80.5% Muslim 13.4% Christian 2.3% Sikh 1.8% Buddhists 0.8% Jains 0.4% others 0.7% unspecified 0.1% (2001 Census) [24][25] [26].[27]
Scheduled Castes and TribesScheduled Castes: 16.2% (2001 Census) Scheduled Tribes: 8.2% (2001 Census)
Languages: See Languages of India and List of Indian languages by total speakers. There are 216 languages with more than 10,000 native speakers in India. The largest of these is Hindi with some 337 million (the second largest being Bangla with some 207 million). 22 languages are recognized as official languages. In India, there are 1,652 languages and dialects in total.[19][28]
[edit] 2020 Estimate
Table 2: Population Projections (in millions)
| Year | Under 15 | 15–64 | 65+ | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 361 | 604 | 45 | 1010 |
| 2005 | 368 | 673 | 51 | 1093 |
| 2010 | 370 | 747 | 58 | 1175 |
| 2015 | 372 | 819 | 65 | 1256 |
| 2020 | 373 | 882 | 76 | 1331 |
Source: Based on P.N. Mari Bhat, "Indian Demographic Scenario 2025", Institute of Economic Growth, New Delhi, Discussion Paper No. 27/2001.
[edit] Ethnic groups
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The national Census of India does not recognize racial or ethnic groups within India,[29] but recognizes many of the tribal groups as Scheduled Castes and Tribes (see list of Scheduled Tribes in India).
It should be noted that Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Tibeto-Burman and Austro-Asiatic are mainly linguistic terms and denote speakers of these linguistic groups.
For a list of ethnic groups in the Republic of India (as well as neighboring countries) see ethnic groups of the Indian subcontinent or the tree diagram above.
[edit] Genetics
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 | An editor has expressed a concern that this section lends undue weight to certain ideas relative to the article as a whole. Please help to discuss and resolve the dispute before removing this message. (November 2009) |
[edit] Y-chromosome DNA
Y-Chromosome DNA Y-DNA represents the male lineage, The Indian Y-chromosome pool may be summarized as follows where haplogroups R1a, H, R2, L & NOP comprise generally more than 80% of the total chromosomes.[30]
[edit] Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA mtDNA represents the female lineage. The Indian mitochondrial DNA, which is primarily made up of Haplogroup M[31]
- Haplogroup M ~ 60%
- Haplogroup UK ~ 15%
- Haplogroup N ~ 25% (Excluding UK)
[edit] See also
- 15th Indian national census
- List of most populous cities in India
- List of most populous metropolitan areas in India
- List of states and union territories of India by population
- Ethnic groups of India
- National Commission on Population
- Indian diaspora
- Geography of India
- Racial groups of India
- Caste system in India
[edit] References
- ^ BBC - India's population 'to be biggest' in the planet
- ^ United States Census Bureau - International Data Base (IDB)
- ^ SIL International. "Ethnologue report for Language Isolate". http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=90087. Retrieved 2007-10-11.
- ^ India, a Country Study United States Library of Congress, Note on Ethnic groups
- ^ GM Crops Around the World – an accurate picture GM Freeze, Table 3
- ^ Rural-Urban distribution Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Rural-Urban Distribution. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved on 2008-11-26.
- ^ Number of Villages Census of India: Number of Villages Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved on 2008-11-26.
- ^ Rural-Urban distribution Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Rural-Urban Distribution. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved on 2008-11-26.
- ^ Urban Agglomerations and Towns Census of India: Urban Agglomerations and Towns. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved on 2008-11-26.
- ^ [1]
- ^ "Tables: Profiles by main religions: Hindus". Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
- ^ "Tables: Profiles by main religions: Muslims". Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
- ^ "Tables: Profiles by main religions: Christians". Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
- ^ "Tables: Profiles by main religions: Sikhs". Census of India 2001: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
- ^ "Tables: Profiles by main religions: Buddhists". Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
- ^ "Tables: Profiles by main religions: Jains". Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
- ^ "Tables: Profiles by main religions: Other religions". Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
- ^ a b c "Census of India.". Census of India. Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/religion.aspx. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
- ^ a b Mother Tongues of India According to the 1961 Census
- ^ Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2000, Census of India, 2001
- ^ includes Western Hindi, Eastern Hindi, Bihari languages, Rajasthani languages and Pahari languages.
- ^ National Population Policy of India
- ^ CIA World Factbook -- India
- ^ Religious Composition Census of India: Census Data 2001: India at a glance >> Religious Composition. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved on 2008-11-26.
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2007 — India International Religious Freedom Report 2007. U.S. Department of State.
- ^ CIA's The World Factbook — India
- ^ Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs — Background Note: India
- ^ Rupert Goodwins. Smashing India's language barriers. ZDNet UK.
- ^ Kumar, Jayant. Census of India. 2001. September 4, 2006. Indian Census
- ^ Hammer et al. 2005, S. Sahoo et al. 2006, R. Trivedi et al. 2007, Zhao et al. 2008
- ^ Semino et al. 2000, Kivisild et al. 2003, Metspalu et al 2004, Rajkumar et al. 2005, Chandrasekar et al. 2007, Gonzalez et al. 2007
[edit] External links
- Census of India; Govt. site with detailed data from 2001 census
- Census of India map generator; generates maps based on 2001 census figures
- Demographic data for India; provides sources of demographic data for India
- 2001 maps; provides maps of social, economic and demographic data of India in 2001
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Life in 
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 | January February 2007 |
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[ Letter to editor ]
Copyrights © 2002, Sabrang Communications & Publishing Pvt. Ltd.
Note : To obtain an aligned printout please download the  (638 kb) version to your machine and then use respective software to print the story. | |
| Date : 04 Sep 2008 | |
| IV. Managing Resource Mobilisation | |
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The Political Demography of Ethnicity, Nationalism and Religion
Thanks to the support of:
Special Issue of Journal of Ethnopolitics on the Demography of Ethnic Conflict, coedited with Christian Leuprecht (planned for late 2010). Features my article on Demography and Dominant Ethnicity in Northern Ireland and also (with Richard Cincotta), article on Demography and Ethnic Conflict in Israel
Conference 2009: 'Demography and Security: the Politics of Population Change', Weatherhead Center, Harvard University, organized by Monica Toft, Jack Goldstone and myself, May 7-8, 2009.
Conference 2006:
Political Demography: Ethnic, National and Religious Dimensions, September 29-30, 2006, London School of Economics (details below):
Plenary Speakers
Jack A. Goldstone : Its All Political: Why Demography isn't Just for Demographers Anymore
Jack Goldstone (PhD Harvard University) is Hazel Professor and Director of the Center for Global Policy at George Mason University, and a Scholar at the Mercatus Center. He is the author of Revolution and Rebellion in the Early Modern World (California 1981), and editor of The Encyclopaedia of Political Revolutions (Congressional Quarterly 1998).
Michael Hout : The Demographic Imperative in Social Change: Political Implications
The balance of fertility, mortality, and immigration fuels a population's growth. If important groups are growing at different rates, then their relative sizes will change over time. This demographic imperative can have a direct effect, as in the growth of evangelical Protestants in the USA over the last thirty years. It can have second-order effects too. One example is the well-known case of Northern Europe's greying welfare states. Entitlements tied to age succeed if age structures remain stable but can fail if the age structure shifts. Economic growth and performance respond to age structures too.
Michael Hout (PhD Indiana University) is professor at the University of California, Berkeley where he currently chairs the Graduate Group in Sociology and Demography and the Berkeley Population Center. He and Claude Fischer recently finished a book on twentieth-century social and cultural trends in the United States that exemplifies this approach; Century of Difference will be published by Russell Sage Foundation in Fall 2006. Another book, The Truth about Conservative Christians with Andrew Greeley, will be published in August 2006 by University of Chicago Press.
Monica Duffy Toft : Population Shifts and Civil War
Monica Duffy Toft (PhD University of Chicago) is Associate Professor of Public Policy at the Kennedy School and the Assistant Director of the John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies at Harvard. She was a research intern at the RAND Corporation and served in the U.S. Army in southern Germany as a Russian voice interceptor. She is the author of two book manuscripts, a monograph, The Geography of Ethnic Violence: Identity, Interests, and Territory, and an edited volume, The Fog of Peace: Strategic and Military Planning Under Uncertainty.
Conference Panel Speakers (with Presentations and Papers where available) by Theme:
Topics:
- Differential Fertility and Differential Migration
- Demography and Ethnic Conflict: Comparative-Quantitative Approaches
- Demography and Ethnic Conflict: Case Studies
- Nationalist Responses to Demographic Change and Nationalist Uses of Demography
- Demography and Religion
- Demography and Politics in History
- The Politics of Immigration and Integration
- Ethnic Demography and Voting
Book of Abstracts I (alphabetised) – pdf
Book of Abstracts II (alphabetised) – Excel
Sutay Yavuz, Max Planck Institute, Rostock
Ethnic Differences in Fertility Transition in Turkey (presentation)
Turkey has reached advance stage of Demographic Transition. This study aims to investigate determinants of the differential fertility transition pattern of Turkish and Kurdish women in Turkey.
Valér Veres -Babes-Bolyai University Cluj
Differential Demographics in Transylvania: Ethnocultural or Economic Factors?
An analysis of differential changes in fertility and natural increase in Transylvania including the role of ethnicity and economic development on fertility patterns, measurement issues.
Ram B. Bhagat, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai
Hindu-Muslim Fertility Differentials in India
Hindu-Muslim differentials in fertility is no more than one child in India. It is not likely that Muslims will outnumber Hindus in foreseeable future.
Philip Verwimp, Institute of Social Studies, the Hague
Child Survival and Fertility of refugees in Rwanda (paper)
The paper researches the differential fertility history of refugee women and non-refugees in Rwanda. (Paper joint work with Jan Van Bavel, Free University of Brussels.)
Arvinda Meera-University of Tuebingen
Women's autonomy and fertility: A comparison of tribal and non-tribal women in India
Tribal women have a lower status, lesser autonomy and higher fertility than non-tribal women in India.
Bandita Medhi, Arya Vidyapeeth College
Demographic Patterns And Impact On Education In Assam
There has been a drastic change in the demographic pattern of the State of Assam since 1901. The paper examines the factors affecting these changes and their impact on educational enrolment.
Apostol Apostolov and Petya Dankova, Varna University of Economics
Ethnicity and family planning & Labour Emigration (Bulgaria) (paper)
A discussion of the impact of socio-cultural, ethnic and religious factors on family planning and labour emigration processes, based on a representative empirical study
Harald Wilkoszewski, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research / LSE paper
Demographic change and the balance of power in Europe.
In this paper we examine the effect of differential population growth on the balance of power in the EU's Council of Ministers.
Wolfgang Lutz and Vegard Skirbekk – IIASA (International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis)
The Low Fertility Trap Hypothesis: Forces that May Lead to Fewer Births in Europe (paper)
The paper's hypothesis describes plausible self-reinforcing mechanisms that would result, if unchecked, in a continued decrease of the number of births in Europe.
Upala Barua , Cotton College, Assam, India
Cultural And Administrative Factors On Differential Fertility Rates in Assam, India (paper)
This is a study of the fertility status of two communities pursuing the same religion but migrated to the State at two distinctly different periods from two different locations.
Branislav Djurdjev, University of Novi Sad
Majorities And Minorities In Ex-Yugoslav Countries
The paper considers ethnic changes in the area of former Yugoslavia. In our days former majorities are stronger in their native countries and weaker in all other parts. Minorities tend to emigrate.
Ould Isselmou, Office National de la Statistique
Fertility Differentials : A Comparative Study (N & W Africa)
The study shows the level, trend and differential in fertility among North African and West African countries.
Elizabeth Leahy, Population Action International
The Shape of Things to Come: Population Age Structures and their Meanings
Description of the relationship between demography and political stability; analysis of connections between population age structure and risk of civil conflict in developing countries from 1970-2004.
Sarah Staveteig, University of California, Berkeley
Youthful Age Structure and Ethnic Conflict: Is there a Connection?
One cascading effect of population growth-age structure-is a predictor of civil war, but not of ethnic war. However, differential minority age structure appears to help predict ethnic conflict.
Christian Leuprecht, Royal Military College/Queen's University, Canada
The demographic security dilemma
Henrik Urdal, Peace Research Institute, Oslo
Censuses Recording, Ethnicity and Increased Risk of Political Instability and Violence paper
The paper addresses the relationship between publishing ethnicity data from censuses and political stability and violence.
Tamas Makany U. of Southhampton
An Agent-based Model of Crisis-Driven Migration and Ethno-Religious Conflict
An agent-based model simulates crisis-driven migration and ensuing ethno-religious conflict; generates migratory patterns based on local crisis, ethnic tension, demography and breadth of networks.
Richard Cincotta, National Intelligence Council (USA)
Does a Demographic Transition Promote a Democratic Transition? presentation
The authors propose to formulate and test a series of hypotheses that predict the increased likelihood of a drift toward democracy as an autocracy's ethnic population age structures mature
Indra De Soysa, ISS/NTNU (Norway)
Dare to be Different! Ethnicity & Political Terror (paper)
This study will empirically assess the nexus between dissent and repression in ethnically fractionalized and exclusionary political environments.
Eliott Green, London School of Economics
Demographic Pressure and Ethnic Conflict in Contemporary Uganda (paper)
Uganda possesses both extreme ethnic diversity and a high rate of population growth. I argue here that the combination of these factors means that Uganda will see more ethnic conflict in the future.
Ricardo Neupert, UN Population Program & Silvino Lopes, NSD Timor L'Este
The demographic component of the east Timorese crisis (paper)
This study analyses the demographic determinants of the recent crisis in East Timor, which has the form a violent rivalry between the population of the Eastern and Western regions of the country.
Aitalina Azarova, Central European University
Consequences of the change of dominant ethnic group in the Sakha Republic (Russian Federation) (paper)
Discussion population growth of the Sakha and Russian people in one Russian region. Changing balance of social and political standing has affected the degree of ethnic tension
Mitch Young, London School of Economics
Property Law, Ethnic Fractionalisation and Return Migration in Post-war Bosnia
An analysis of factors affecting the return of refugees and displaced persons to pre-war property holdings in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Renu Bhagat, The New School for Social Research, New York
Religion, Race and Caste: Comparing Affirmative Action in the India and the United States
This paper will examine the role of the state in identity construction in India and the United States,through Affirmative action plans.
Ugur Ungor, University of Amsterdam
Demographic engineering in the 20th century: a comparative historical-sociological approach (presentation)
Demographic engineering is the range of state-sponsored policies to maintain maximum homogeneity. This comparative paper outlines various episodes of demographic engineering in the twentieth century.
Tatyana Kotzeva, Center for Population Studies, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Depopulation in Bulgaria in the Times of Transition: Political and Scientific Visions
The presentation will analyse different interpretations and visions of Bulgaria's depopulation since the early 1990s, mainly nationalistic visions and more moderate and politically neutral views.
Cynthia Buckley, The University of Michigan
Russia Counts: The Social Construction of the 2002 Census
This paper examines the delays, debates and disagreements associated with the 2002 census of the Russian Federation.
Abby Day, Lancaster University
Believing in Belonging: a qualitative analysis of being Christian for the 2001 census (presentation)
Seventy-two per cent of respondents to the UK 2001 census affiliated to Christianity. The paper explains explorer this data via an intergenerational qualitative research project.
Hannah Cameron, Brussels School of International Studies
Transnational Marriage between Britain and the Indian Sub-continent: an evaluation of the demographic impact (paper)
The proposed paper will consider the demographic impact of transnational marriage, with reference to marriage between British born Asians and citizens of the Indian subcontinent.
Vegard Skirbekk & Katrin Fliegenschnee IIASA (International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis)
New Times, Old Beliefs: Projecting the Future Size of Religions in Austria (paper)
The paper presents the results of demographic projections for Austria for the next half century.
Eric Kaufmann, Birkbeck College, University of London
The End of Secularisation in the West? (presentation paper)
An analysis of differential fertility and secularisation patterns points to a growing long-term religious percentage of the west European population
David Voas, University of Manchester
The Future of Christianity in Europe (presentation)
European countries have large subpopulations of people who are neither particularly religious nor decidedly unreligious. Despite its current size and strength this group is destined to dwindle.
Caroline Berghammer & Dimiter Philipov Vienna Institute of Demography
Religiosity and Demographic Events: a Comparative Study of European Countries (presentation)
We study the association between religiosity and young adults' life-course events in 17 European countries based on 3 theoretical aspects. Theoretical background and empirical results are discussed.
Jon Anson & Ofra Anson, Ben Gurion University of the Negev
Religion, Nationalism and Demography: False Consciousness, Real Consequences (paper)
Religion and nationalism are both social phenomena reflecting in consciousness what differential fertility reflects in practice: (class) struggles over access to socially created resources.
Liam Kennedy, Queen's University Belfast
Did Industrialisation Matter? Ethno-National Conflict in Ulster
Uneven industrialisation in Ireland shaped the conflict of nationality in Ireland but the vital link was through demography.
Amy Bailey, University of Washington
Fertility and Revolution: How Does Political Change Influence Reproductive Behaviour? (paper)
I use historical data to link revolution, individualistic ideology and fertility decline. Results indicate revolutions, not institutional political structures, predict the onset of fertility decline.
Margitta Maetzke, Georg August University Goettingen
Production, War, and Reproduction: State Interests in the Welfare State across Time
Implicit demographic motives in Western welfare policy: Resource-dependent states view their populations as taxpayers, workers, soldiers, and mothers. Social policies reflect this resource interest.
John Garcia, University of Arizona
Global citizenship among Latino immigrants in the United States (paper)
Examination of global citizenship among Latino immigrants in the United States; interactions, orientations,and attachments in country of origin and residence influencing civic engagement.
Ross Bond, University of Edinburgh
Scottish graduate migration: barriers to belonging? (presentation)
Scottish graduate migration: barriers to belonging? (paper)
Describes recent research on graduate migration in Scotland within a political context in which increased immigration to Scotland (especially of highly skilled individuals) is encouraged.
Ludi Simpson, University of Manchester
Segregation and integration in the UK (presentation)
Black and Asian populations are dispersing within the UK. But population growth enlarges clusters of minorities, identified negatively in media and political discourse. A review of the evidence.
Anwar Muhammad, University of Bergen
From Exclusion to Inclusion: the Pakistani Community in Norway (presentation)
This paper instead of seeing Pakistani immigrants precarious situation in simplified cultural terms, it presents the situation from political, social and demographic discourses.
Kiran Bhairannavar, University of Delhi
Migration, identity and conflict: the politico-demographic landscape of Assam state, India
Massive population influx in Assam has permanently changed its demographic landscape leading to conflicts and emergence of Identity movements having far reaching consequences.
Andriy Ushakov, Kharkiv National University of Economics
International co-ordination of illegal migration control: Ukrainian context
Migration in Ukraine, formerly a socio-cultural phenomenon, is now becoming an ethnic and national issue.
Scott Greer, University of Michigan
Migration in a Stateless Nation: Catalans and 'Immigrants' in the Democratic Transition
National political entrepreneurs' response to immigration by a different ethnic group, both in terms of organisational and ideological terms, based on a case study of 1970s Catalonia.
Eduard Rodriguez-Martin, Ecole des hautes etudes en sciences sociales (EHESS)
The New 'Fear of the Moor': Ethnicisation of the Demographic Discourse in Melilla, Spain
Since the census of the Muslim population of Melilla in 1986, demographic data has been used by Christian and Muslim communities to maintain a social stratification based on ethnical criteria.
Christian Autengruber, Andrassy University, Budapest, Hungary
Ethnic demography and party policy: voter alignment in Bulgaria, Romania and Slovakia (presentation)
Philip Howe, Adrian College, Michigan
Voting Across Ethnic Lines in Late Imperial Austria (paper)
Voting Across Ethnic Lines in Late Imperial Austria (presentation)
A comparison of district- and sub-district-level data over time reveals a surprisingly high degree of voting across ethnic lines in Late Imperial Austrian elections.
Muslim exclusion in India is deliberate: Prof. Javeed Alam
By TCN News
Hyderabad: Muslims in India are badly under represented in different spheres of life. Their exclusion is rather dramatic. However, like other backward communities, Muslim marginalization has its own history. Prominent Social Scientist, Professor Javeed Alam, Chairman, Indian Council of Social Sciences & Research (ICSSR) expressed these views on Friday while delivering a lecture on "Contemporary Muslim Situation in India: Temporal Dimension" at Maulana Azad National Urdu University.
He was delivering a lecture on "Contemporary Muslim Situation in India: Temporal Dimension", Orgarnized by the Centre for Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policy (CSSEIP). Prof. Khalid Saeed, Vice-Chancellor presided over the lecture. Tracing the history of Muslim exclusion & backwardness, Prof. Jevaeed Alam asserts it to be the result of colonial era & practices. Commenting on the political status of Muslim in India, he said that Muslim politics has disappeared from India after Independence. It is an era of region specific Muslim politics. Muslims, in religions terms may be called as a single community, but Muslims in India are not a singular community. Region & language are two of their major distinct features.
He focussed on Social Exclusion of Muslims and the present situation of the community in the country. He highlighted the plight of poverty in the country in general and Muslim Community in particular. He pointed out that colonial rule is responsible for the creation of poverty in India in general and Muslims in particular. In this country, disadvantaged sections and women have been preventing in accessing resources especially since the British rule. Pointing out regarding gender issues, he observed that women have no control over their "work", "time" and "body". Men would dictate and decide what women should do. He also pointed out that during pre-independent period there were Muslim Politics under the leadership of Mohammad Ali Jinnah but post-independent period witnessed for region specific politics. For example, politics of Muslims in Andhra Pradesh is different from neighbouring states. Similarly, politics in Uttar Pradesh is different from politics of Muslims in West Bengal. There is nothing called all India Muslim Politics at present.
Further, he says that there is no all India Muslim Communalism but there is all India Hindu communalism. Ideology of Hindutva, Sangh Parivar and its organizational set up are promoting this trend. In the wake of Sachchar Committee Report, all these realities came into lime light. He questioned that why Muslims are under-represented in employment and political Institutions. He pointed out in this connection, education and skill development is very low among the Muslims. He also pointed out about absence of infrastructural development (viz. roads, plumbing, roofed house, schools and medical facilities) in Muslim dominated 90 districts lead to further exclusion of the community. It is because of Indian democracy, it is possible to have Sachchar Committee Report whereas in other countries (like Pakistan and China) it would not be possible.
Government of India assigned ICSSR to carry out a study in 90 Muslim population highly concentrated districts all over India to find out the plight of poverty and other problems. He said that ICSSR has carried out it and submitted reports of 90 districts to the government.
It is important to focus on politics of citizenship. Exclusion of Muslims is very dramatic. They are under-represented in every aspect. It is all deliberate one in this country. Muslims are butchered, massacred across several states. Muslim have been marginalized and even made landless in West Bengal. As a Marxist he is also critical of state in this regard. Finally, in order to understand and addressing these pertinent issues centres like CSSEIP should play prominent role to address the issues of exclusion of Muslims and work out modality for their inclusion.
Comment viewing options
Who represents India Muslims
'The Indian Muslims who felt that they will never ever get "justice in a Hindu dominated India" sought and got Pakistan in 1947.All such Indian Muslims shifted to Pakistan after creation of Pakistan'
First sentence is correct, not the second one. Because the fact is that Muslim league won 96% seats in 1946 elections, where league's only agenda was India's partition. Muslims of UP and Bihar were the strongest supporters of Pakistan. Certainly the Muslims left in India after partition, do not reflect the same 96% commitment.
Yes 1946 elections weren't based on Universal sufferage, but there is a thing called sampling. If 1937 results can be cited as conclusive evidence of Hindu-Muslim unity, then 1946 results are an equally emphatic evidence for the reverse, because sufferage rules were same both the time.
So yes, It is clear that India is not a Hindu country (if by Hindu we mean followers of Hinduism) and was not even intended to be so. Muslims have as much right to live, to seek and work for a better future and to claim all that the Indian constitution promises to its citizens, as any other Indian. But for that there isn't any need to deny historical facts.
Please remeber, one of main reasons behind India's partition was the demand for religious quotas in parliament and Jinnah's insistence that only Muslims can represent Muslsims and demand for religion based quotas in parliament. Prof. Javeed Alam's assertion that 'during pre-independent period there were Muslim Politics under the leadership of Mohammad Ali Jinnah but post-independent period witnessed for region specific politics. -- --- --- --- --- ------- ----There is nothing called all India Muslim Politics at present', is a vindication of Mr Jinnah's ideology. It is for Muslism to decide, whether they agree with Prof Javeed and Mr Jinnah.
It must be understood by all that, Muslims are free to seek reservations by following the methods permitted under the constituion of India, but they would do better, if they argued on the basis of their current socio-economic conditions rather than claiming a sinister Hindu plot against them. They can get many Hindus to support their cause, if they refuse to be led by those self-seeking leaders and intellectuals who have used and abused them for last 60 years in the name of fighting Hindu Tyranny. It isn't as if Muslims were not given the benefit of Reservation, a substantial percentage of socio-economically backward Muslims are even now elligible for reservation in most of the states, under OBC category.)
Are Grapes SOUR for A.K. Singh ???
Reading various comments by imposter "Anonymous" a.k.a. "AK Singh" and others, it appears GRAPES are SOUR - especially after FAILURE of "Separate Khalistan" movement.
Readers on this platform need to comprehend AND think in "Aeykant" (seclusion), there was COLD-WAR between west and U.S.S.R. for more than four decades. At-last the WEST succeeded in BREAKING U.S.S.R. hegemony into nine "break-away" republics and six nations were formed from "break-away" former Yugoslavia. Now the WEST is pondering on how to handle / control these "breakaway" Muslim Republics NUCLEAR and OIL power - a gift in disguise from Ooperwaala !!!
It is noteworthy, Planner of planners is Ooperwaala - who plans for betterment of His Creation, based on His wisdom. Majority of "break-away" nations are ".......STANS" with "nuclear warheads" and are in Muslim nation control. Nobody knew until breakaway REPUBLICS (States) came into existence, due to IRON-WALL of Russia that Muslim Religion and Identity existed!!! It's a LITTLE thing to PONDER for WISE READERS - especially for "Anonymous" / "A.K. Singh" to ponder, before commenting on Muslims in India.
Total Muslim population in those breakaway Russian republics is circa 70 - 80 million; compared to Muslim population in India which is at-least double that figure. And remember, these are indigeneous inhabitants of Indian sub-continent, and more than that of break-away Pakistan OR Bangladesh.
Readers, if your have audio / video reading software on your computers, watch this:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pISMGSw-DMA
It's an 8 minute video, but watch / hear it after fourth-minute and afterwards.
Lastly, those commenting against Indian Muslims - with support or instigation from INTERESTED POLITICIANS need to remember above, before challenging their existence. Thank you for your understanding.
An Indian
P.S.:
------
The best thing for all Indians across the board, is to live in peaceful co-existence, giving everyone EQUAL RIGHTS, without BIAS, giving everyone EQUAL JUSTICE, without PREJUDICE, giving everyone EQUAL SECURITY, without Preference. Thank you.
Breakaway Russian Republics is a good example to learn for India, which is meddling in affairs of Afghanistan and Pakistan. The LONE SUPERPOWER will leave the region after "mission accomplished"; leaving countries in region to deal with consequences, for decades.
Prof. Javeed Alam probably
Prof. Javeed Alam probably ignored the status of Muslims in Tamil Nadu and Kerala. In Tamil Nadu Muslims are a very well developed community and are highly over represented in business just like the Chettiyars and Nadars. And in education we just don't have our ex-president Abdul Kalam but thousands of others who have taken to higher education especially in the last 25 years and excelled. For one who pulls oneself up by his own efforts the sky is the limit and there is no time to play the victim and Muslims in Tamil Nadu are proving that. Prof. Javeed Alam, there is a lesson there for the Muslims in the other states of India. I invite them to come and study in the colleges of Tamil Nadu and excel.
1. Muslims rejected western
1. Muslims rejected western education in the 19th Century?
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan pioneered modern education for the Muslim community in India by founding the Muhammedan Anglo-Oriental College, which later developed into the Aligarh Muslim University. His work gave rise to a new generation of Muslim intellectuals and politicians who composed the Aligarh movement
Through the 1850s, Syed Ahmed Khan began developing a strong passion for education. While pursuing studies of different subjects including European [jurisprudence], Sir Syed began to realise the advantages of Western-style education, which was being offered at newly-established colleges across India.
The words "Muslim Rejection" are a a bold and unjustified comment. I will not even begin to mention the significant contributions Muslim scholars and academics have made to secular sciences and studies throughout history. Aligarh graduates are a prime counter to your 19th century comment.
"Muslims"?
Point 1:
To some of the comments which mention that Muslims collectively wanted, carved out, and took Pakistan; please re-read history.
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was one of the most prominent Muslim leaders to support Hindu-Muslim unity, opposing the partition of India on communal lines. Following India's independence, he became the first Minister of Education in the Indian government.
Not all Muslims collectively wanted the formation of Pakistan. There were significant vested political interests by Muslims in wanting Pakistan and significant extremist religious interests by Hindus who wanted Muslims out of what they considered India.
What of the Muslims AND Hindus who had been and felt they could continue to live in secular harmony and perhaps hoped to not be overwhelmed by corrupt ideologies breaking the country on communal lines?
Point 2:
So one comment mentioned that those Muslims who were not of a decision making age when this happened, if they feel injustice in India, can and should leave.
First, there is a significant amount of naivety and disregard to reports of numerous international human rights organizations that not only Muslims, but numerous other minorities also, are victims of grave injustices and human rights violations. India which is aspiring to be a "first world country" cannot ensure true and proper justice to its citizens, as long as they are here and are identified as citizens by the constitution, but rather throws its hands up and says oh well we cannot ensure justice so please leave? Quite ridiculous.
Point 3:
To ask a group of people to leave, especially based off of the theory of partition, means to say that we have accepted India is and only should be a Upper Caste Hindu country, disregarding the numerous Indian Muslims who have historically contributed to the development of the region. Then we can start throwing the Christians, Dalits, Sikhs, and everyone else who is unhappy....and accept that secularism in India is a farce.
Point 4:
Muslims rejecting education? I am not even going to attempt to answer such a ridiculous comment. Go and search yourself in a search engine, yes in the age of technology such ridiculous lies cannot just be said but easily typed up and checked by the common man, and type Muslim contributions to civilization. Oh but 19th century you say, taking a opinionated time sample really a great approach.
Go and type that too in a search engine, the numerous Muslim educational NGO's which exist today promoting and striving towards the educational development in some of the most poor and rural areas in the country. WHY? BECAUSE MUSLIMS HAVE BEEN EXCLUDED HISTORICALLY BY THE GOVERNMENT.
Its for muslims not getting justice in Hindu majority India
Never stated that India is HINDU COUNTRY NOR that many MUSLIMS did not participate in FREEDOM struggle. The fact that India has the second highest population of Muslims in the world and that India has people of every religious group living together- Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Sikh, Jain, Buddhist, Jew, Parsee etc etc- is cause foe happiness for all Indian.
All that has been stated is that the concept of MINORITY must go. INDIANS CAN NOT BE MINORITY IN INDIA. Are the Parsees who are just 69000 people demanding reservation or claiming that they are minority??
TCN can abstain from allowing comments which are not in agreement with MUSLIM ideas but it will just reduce every topic into a one sided discussion.
Point 1. Yes many Muslims did NOT want Pakistan and they are happy to be in India. So they do not form the "minority amongst Muslims" who feel oppressed by MAJORITY HINDUS after 63 years of Independence and need to go to Pakistan.
Point 2 Forget about international agencies. What has been stated is about the feelings of "individual MUSLIM" who was not even born in 1947 and are staying in India because their parents opted to stay back in India rather than go to Pakistan. Such MUSLIMS who are UNHAPPY in Hindu majority India and feel that they are not getting justice in India is most welcome to go to Pakistan.
Point 3- Unhappiness "alone" is not the point- it is "unhappiness and feeling of injustice from the Hindu majority". This is felt mostly by Muslims and it is only. More importantly, Muslims who have a choice as Pakistan was created for Indian Muslims who felt that they will not get justice in Hindu Majority India.
Point 4. Even if 100% Indian Muslims are POOR it would be just 16 Crore POOR INDIANS. But if 20% Hindus are poor it would be 17 Crore of the 85 Crore INDIANS who would be POOR. statistically 100% to 20% may sound disparity but there are more HINDU POOR than MUSLIM POOR in India. Muslims must shed "minority mentality" as cause of their poverty.
BUT ANY MUSLIM WHO FEEL THAT HE WILL NOT GET JUSTICE IN HINDU MAJORITY INDIA MUST GO TO PAKISTAN.
Have a choice to decide again
All Indian Muslims who feel that they are not getting justice in India must accept following facts and decide again.
1-- The Indian Muslims who felt that they will never ever get "justice in a Hindu dominated India" sought and got Pakistan in 1947.All such Indian Muslims shifted to Pakistan after creation of Pakistan.
2-- All Indian Muslims who stayed back in India in 1947 were those who were happy to be in a secular India. However these Muslims who took the decision to stay back in India in 1947 would be about 80-83 years old as "independent decision" could have been taken only by someone at least 18 years old in 1947 who by 2010 would be 81 years old.
3-- Now that a minority of Muslims, mostly of the younger generation who were not even born in 1947, again started feeling that Indian Muslims are not getting justice in India, these Muslims must take an "independent decision on their own" and migrate to Pakistan. The Muslims who are less than 63 years old were not born in 1947 and so have no reason to be bound by their "parents decision" to live in India.
4-- Pakistan must be to Indian Muslims as Israel is to world JEWS. Any Indian Muslim who feels that he is NOT likely to get justice in "Hindu dominated India" should be allowed to migrate to Pakistan and become citizen of Pakistan. Pakistan was created as a refuge for Muslims who feared living in a Hindu dominated India and must remain so indefinitely for every Indian Muslims.
mr ak singh and all rss
mr ak singh and all rss goons,you all are aryans who came from iraq. pls leave india as early as possible. you are outsiders so you dont have any right to decide about india.so plz leave before we throw you out.
after you there will be no problem in india.
mr ak is anti rss.
mr ak singh is anti-RSS as he believes that creation of pakistan in 1947 was the best thing happened to india in the last 1000 years unlike RSS who are broken hearted for "akhandh bharath"- stretching from afghanistan to myanmar. indian muslims who strongly feel that they are "not getting justice because of hindu domination of india" must go to pakistan- ONLY THOSE MUSLIMS WHO EXCLUSIVELY FEEL THAT HINDU DOMINATED INDIA WILL NEVER GIVE THEM JUSTICE need to go to pakistan because pakistan has been created for such indian muslims- all others are welcome in india- more the merrier- dravidians, aryans, hindus, budhhist, jains, jews, christians, parsees, muslims, sikhs and any other religion yet to be formed.
Muslims do not require advice from AK Singh
AK Singh,
We will take our decision we don't need your advice.
India is a SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC. We won't allow India to become a Hindu Taliban state.
Indian Muslims have no connection with Pakistan but we don't need your certificate for that.
Our freedom fighters fought for a secular country. Hindus and Muslims stood together against British to win the freedom. India had several great Muslim leaders who fought for this country and opposed partition. The vision of our freedom fighters are reflected when we declared India as a SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC.
As long as India consists those people who respect our freedom fighters India will remain as SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC.
Those who don't like to live in Secular India can apply citizenship in Pakistan or NEPAL.
Muslims took pakistan from
Muslims took pakistan from us. India is for the Hindus. Always is and always will be. Muslims came and curved out India into pieces. Muslims are always causing problems where ever they are. There are hardly any Hindus allowed to live in Pakistan, which they took from us. Why are there so many muslims living in India? Didn't we give you people land to live on, where we are not even allowed to live becaue of the muslims wouldn't let us. The muslims would convert us or kill us in Pak. Don't complain about us, just leave. Go to Pak!!!! We are letting you stay there for a while, until we decide to take it back. We are the Hindus. And all of India belong to us, not to you.
India V pakistan
I take exception to Chandra's comment. India is not Hindus private property and neither Pakistan for Muslim's. It is a question of who is ruling and who is more powerful.
Struggle for Independece was fought by Muslims standing in front and every one including Hindus are enjoying the freedom. Regarding, seperation it was a political decision by few individuals and does not apply to all muslims in general. If it would have been compulsory then entire country should have been divided in 50:50 ratio between Hindus and Muslims. Why only a small part was created?
Muslims have trusted Hindus (rulers) all these years but end result is selfishness without any benefit to Muslim community. Very soon, Muslims will have to play a dominant role in Indian politics and that day is not far!!
Chandra we will make you
Chandra we will make you accept Islam and we will make you Muslim. We will convert all Hindu into Muslim. Hence India will belong to Muslim.
Jai Hind.
India belongs to all Indians
Twocircle.net message board is for positive discussions. All non-muslims are welcome except those brainwashed from RSS libraries; because it's a waste of time responding to their provocative statements. These cowards can only sit in the RSS office and write provocative statements, if they speak the same in front of Muslims they won't go home in good shape.
Please note the fact that vast majority of Indian Muslims are against terrorism whether by Hindus or Muslims. We have no problems with our Hindu brothers our problems are with the narrow minded RSS loyalists. They want to brand all Muslims as terrorists or anti-nationals to raise anti-Muslim feelings among ordinary people and take the political advantage. They deliberately accuse the whole Muslim community for the misdeeds of few misguided Muslims at the same time they encourage and appreciate the terrorist activities of fanatic organizations like BD/RSS/AB/VHP etc. etc. They don't like people to know the truth behind Parbhani blasts, Jalna blasts, Jama Masjid blasts, Mecca Masjid blast, Ajmer blasts, Modasa blast, Malegaon blast, Goa blast and those numerous riots organized by RSS in the past in several cities like Moradabad, Meerut, Kanpur, Bhiwandi, Aurangabad, Ahmadabad, Surat, Ajmer, Murshidabad, Aligarh, Agra, Bhagalpur, etc.
For the information of those who want Muslims to get out of India; please note
Our freedom fighters fought for a secular country. Those who sacrificed their life for freedom struggle of India such as Bhagat Singh,Chandarsekhar Azad,Tatya Tope, Zhansi Ki Rani, Mahatma Gandhi, Subhash Chandra Bose, etc. none of these leaders had grudge or complaints against Muslims. Hindus and Muslims stood together against British to win the freedom. India had great Muslim leaders who fought for this country and who were against the division of the country. The vision of our freedom fighters are reflected when we declared India as a SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC.
You RSS cowards were no were in the picture of freedom struggle that is why you fanatics could not make India a Hindu Taliban nation at that time. Why India was not made Hindu Raj. If you have common sense think about it. Now after winning the freedom you people getting out of RSS office asking for Hinduraj ?
No way as long as India consists those Muslims who opted to stay in the SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC INDIA; you are not going to win. Even the sensible Hindus wont allow that.
India belongs to all Indians. INDIA IS NOT PRIVATE PROPERTY OF SANGH PARIVAR.
Jai Hind
good topic
but a little bit of self-criticism would be a good idea. The muslim rejection of western education in 19th century is well known and should be discussed.
There seems to be no problem collecting thousands of muslims for danish cartoons/salman rushdie/middle-east politics but it is somehow very hard for the community to start schools and educate its own young people.
How come these topics werent included in the talk?
Democracy at the Crossroads
Edited by Harihar Bhattacharyya, Partha Sarkar, Angshuman Kar
- Price:
£80.00£72.00 - Binding/Format: Hardback
- ISBN: 978-0-415-55357-5
- Publish Date: 7th December 2009
- Imprint: Routledge
- Pages: 194 pages
Series: Routledge Advances in South Asian Studies
Social exclusion and inclusion remain issues of fundamental importance to democracy. Both exclusion and inclusion relate to the access to participation in the public realm, public goods and services for certain groups of people who are minorities, marginalized and deprived. Democratization has led to the inclusion of the previously excluded in the political process. While the problems of exclusion remain even in advanced Western countries in respect of the minorities of sorts, and the underprivileged, the problem of deep-rooted social and cultural exclusions is acute in post-colonial countries, including India. This book analyses social exclusions in India, which remain the most solid challenges to Indian democracy and development. Communal clashes, ethnic riots, political secessionist movements and extremist violence take place almost routinely, and are the outward manifestations of the entrenched culture of social exclusion in India. With its interdisciplinary approach, the book looks at the multidimensional problems of social exclusion and inclusion, providing a critical, comprehensive analysis of the problem and of potential solutions. The authors are experts in the fields of historical sociology, anthropology, political theory, social philosophy, economics and indigenous vernacular literature. Overall, the book offers an innovative theoretical perspective of the long-term issues facing contemporary Indian democracy.
Contents
Introduction - Harihar Bhattacharyya, Partha Sarkar, and Angshuman Kar 1. Some Theoretical Issues Concerning Social Exclusion and Inclusion in India - Sobhanlal Datta Gupta 2. Social Exclusion and the Strategy of Empowerment - T. K. Oommen 3. Identity Politics and Social Exclusion in India's North-East: The Case for Redistributive Justice - N. K. Das 4. Inclusion in Nationhood: Bhudev Mukhopadhyay's Concept of Jatiyabhav - Harihar Bhattacharyya 5. Rabindra Nath Tagore's Concept of Social Exclusion and Inclusion in India: A Nation without Nationalism - Jyotirmay Bhattacharyya 6. Identity and Social Exclusion-Inclusion: A Muslim Perspective - Asghar Ali Engineer 7. Inclusive and Exclusive Development in India in the Post-Reform Era - Provat Kuri 8. Social Exclusion in India: Evidences from the Wage Labour Market - Rajarshi Majumdar 9. Polavaram Dam Project: A Case Study of Displacement of Marginalized People - Sudipti Banerjea 10. Purity as Exclusion, Caste as Division: The Ongoing Battle for Equality - Jasbir Jain 11. Narrating Gender and Power: Literary and Cultural Texts and Contexts - Sanjukta Das Gupta 12. The Fire and the Rain: A Study in Myths of Power - Anima Biswas 13. Conclusion: Democracy at the Crossroads - Harihar Bhattacharyya, Partha Sarkar, and Angshuman Kar List of Contributors
Author Bio
Harihar Bhattacharyya is Professor of Political Science, University of Burdwan, India. He has been awarded international fellowships and visiting assignments by the universities of Heidelberg, London, Hull and Fribourg. His publications include India as a Multicultural Federation: Asian Values, Democracy and Decentralization.
Partha Sarkar is Senior Lecturer in the Department of Business Administration at the University of Burdwan, India.
Angshuman Kar is Reader and Head of the Department of English, University of Burdwan, India. He edited Critical Perspectives on Contemporary Literatures.
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